Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm silicon thiab silica yog silicon yog cov khoom siv tshuaj thaum silica yog cov tshuaj lom neeg.
Silica yog ib hom oxide ntau ntawm silicon. Silicon yog ua lag luam npaj siv silica nyob rau hauv ib qho hluav taws xob arc rauv. Ob leeg silica thiab silicon muaj cov qauv lattice. Tab sis silica txawv ntawm silicon vim muaj cov silicon-oxygen covalent bonding. Qhov no suav rau tag nrho cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ob.
Silicon yog dab tsi?
Silicon yog lub caij nrog atomic naj npawb 14, thiab nws kuj yog nyob rau hauv pawg 14 ntawm lub sij hawm lub sij hawm, qis dua carbon. Nws lub cim yog Si thiab electron configuration yog 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2. Silicon tuaj yeem tshem tawm plaub lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab tsim ib qho +4 them cation, lossis nws tuaj yeem faib cov electrons los ua plaub daim ntawv cog lus.
Daim duab 01: Silicon
Peb tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm silicon raws li cov hlau nplaum vim nws muaj ob qho tib si hlau thiab tsis yog hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho nyuaj thiab inert metalloid khoom. Lub melting point ntawm silicon yog 1414 oC, thaum lub boiling point yog 3265 oC. Crystal zoo li silicon yog nkig heev. Nws tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj raws li ntshiab silicon nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej. Feem ntau, nws tshwm sim raws li oxide lossis silicate.
Vim tias silicon tiv thaiv nrog txheej txheej oxide, nws tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj lom neeg. Kub kub yog xav tau rau nws kom oxidize. Txawm li cas los xij, silicon reacts nrog fluorine ntawm chav tsev kub. Silicon tsis hnov mob nrog acids tab sis reacts nrog concentrated alkalis. Muaj ntau ntau kev lag luam siv ntawm silicon. Silicon yog ib tug semiconductor: yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov computers thiab electronics.
Silica yog dab tsi?
Silicon muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov oxide, thiab peb lub npe li silica. Silica muaj cov qauv molecular ntawm SiO2 (silicon dioxide). Nws yog ib qho ntxhia nplua nuj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb crust, thiab nws yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov xuab zeb, quartz, thiab ntau lwm yam minerals. Qee cov zaub mov muaj silica ntshiab, tab sis qee cov silica yog tov nrog lwm cov khoom.
Daim duab 02: Sand Grain Silica
Nyob rau hauv silica, silicon thiab oxygen atoms sib koom ua ke los ntawm covalent bonds los tsim ib tug loj siv lead ua qauv. Txhua lub atom silicon muaj plaub oxygen atoms nyob ib puag ncig nws (tetrahedrally). Silica tsis ua hluav taws xob vim tias tsis muaj hluav taws xob delocalized. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog heev thermo-stabilized. Silica muaj cov ntsiab lus melting siab heev vim tias muaj ntau ntawm silicon-oxygen bonds yuav tsum tau tawg kom yaj nws. Thaum peb muab qhov kub thiab txias heev ntawm ib tus nqi, cov silica molten yuav solidify rau iav. Silica tsis hnov mob nrog cov kua qaub tshwj tsis yog hydrogen fluoride. Ntxiv mus, nws tsis soluble nyob rau hauv dej los yog tej organic solvent.
Tsis yog silica nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust, tab sis nws kuj muaj nyob rau hauv peb lub cev ntau npaum li cas. Peb xav tau cov khoom sib xyaw no rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov pob txha, pob txha, rau tes, cov leeg, cov hniav, tawv nqaij, cov hlab ntsha, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv dej, zaub ntug hauv paus, qhob cij, cornflakes, nplej dawb, txiv tsawb, raisin, thiab lwm yam. silica tseem ceeb heev hauv ceramic, iav thiab cement industries.
Qhov txawv ntawm Silicon thiab Silica yog dab tsi?
Silicon thiab silica yog ob hom tshuaj sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm silicon thiab silica yog tias silicon yog cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum silica yog cov tshuaj lom neeg. Silica muaj qhov melting ntau dua li silicon. Tsis tas li ntawd, Silicon yog ib qho semiconductor, tab sis silica tsis ua hluav taws xob. Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm silicon thiab silica yog tias silicon tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim raws li cov khoom xyaw ntshiab thaum silica muaj ntau hauv ntiaj teb. Ntxiv mus, siv lead ua silicon yog nkig heev, tab sis siv lead ua silica yog ib qho nyuaj.
Summary – Silicon vs Silica
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm silicon thiab silica yog tias silicon yog cov khoom siv tshuaj thaum silica yog cov tshuaj lom neeg. Ob leeg silica thiab silicon muaj cov qauv lattice. Tab sis silica txawv ntawm silicon vim muaj cov silicon-oxygen covalent bonding. Qhov no suav rau qhov sib txawv ntawm silica thiab silicon.
