Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hais txog kev sib txuas ntawm aryl halides los ntawm aryl diazonium ntsev nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tooj liab ntsev raws li ib tug catalyst whereas Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hais txog lub formylation ntawm aromatic compounds nyob rau hauv lub muaj ib tug Lewis acid catalyst.
Ob Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb, muaj npe tom qab cov kws tshawb fawb uas pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li, lub npe "Sandmeyer" yog los ntawm Traugott Sandmeyer, thaum lub npe "Gattermann" yog los ntawm Ludwig Gattermann.
Sandmeyer Reaction yog dab tsi?
Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib hom kev hloov pauv ntawm cov organic uas peb tuaj yeem ua ke aryl halides los ntawm aryl diazonium ntsev. Cov catalyst peb siv hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog tooj liab (I) ntsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no poob rau hauv qeb ntawm radical-nucleophilic aromatic hloov pauv. Ntxiv mus, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv halogenation, cyanation, trifluoromethylation thiab hydroxylation ntawm benzene.
Ntxiv mus, qhov kev tawm tsam no pib nrog ib qho kev hloov hluav taws xob uas tshwm sim los ntawm tooj liab mus rau diazonium. Nws tsim ib qho nruab nrab diazo radical thiab tooj liab (II) halide. Tom qab ntawd cov diazo radical tso tawm cov roj nitrogen molecule, tsim cov aryl radical. Lub aryl radical ces reacts nrog tooj liab (II) halide kom regenerate tooj liab (I) halide. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom kawg: ib qho aryl halide.
Gattermann Reaction yog dab tsi?
Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv hauv cov organic uas peb tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab. Peb tuaj yeem ua qhov no nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Lewis ad catalysts. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub formylation yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm HCN (hydrogen cyanide) thiab HCl (hydrochloric acid). Lewis acid catalyst peb siv feem ntau yog AlCl 3 Tsis tas li ntawd, kom yooj yim, peb tuaj yeem hloov HCN / HCl sib tov los ntawm zinc cyanide. Yog li, txoj kev no yuav muaj kev nyab xeeb dua vim tias zinc cyanide tsis muaj tshuaj lom zoo li HCN.
Kauj Ruam 1:
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Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv kev qhia cov pab pawg aldehyde rau lub nplhaib benzene.
Qhov txawv ntawm Sandmeyer Reaction thiab Gattermann Reaction yog dab tsi?
Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib hom kev hloov pauv ntawm cov organic uas peb tuaj yeem tsim cov aryl halides los ntawm aryl diazonium ntsev thaum Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj hloov pauv cov organic uas peb tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm aryl halides los ntawm aryl diazonium ntsev nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tooj liab ntsev raws li ib tug catalyst, whereas Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hais txog lub formylation ntawm aromatic compounds nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag. ntawm Lewis acid catalyst.
Ntxiv mus, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li kev siv. Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv halogenation, cyanation, trifluoromethylation thiab hydroxylation ntawm benzene, thaum Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv kev qhia cov pab pawg aldehyde rau lub nplhaib benzene.
Summary – Sandmeyer Reaction vs Gattermann Reaction
Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib hom kev hloov pauv ntawm cov organic uas peb tuaj yeem tsim cov aryl halides los ntawm aryl diazonium ntsev thaum Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj hloov pauv cov organic uas peb tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias Sandmeyer cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm aryl halides los ntawm aryl diazonium ntsev nyob rau hauv muaj cov ntsev tooj liab ua ib qho catalyst, whereas Gattermann cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hais txog lub formylation ntawm aromatic compounds nyob rau hauv muaj. Lewis acid catalyst.
