Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov txheej txheem thermite yog tias hauv kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide, peb tuaj yeem rho cov hlau los ntawm nws cov ore los ntawm kev txo cov fused hlau oxide siv carbon whereas, hauv cov txheej txheem thermite, peb siv txhuas hmoov es tsis txhob carbon..
Kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov txheej txheem thermite yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem metallurgical. Yog li ntawd, peb siv cov txheej txheem no feem ntau hauv kev xav tau kev lag luam. Kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog ib kauj ruam ntawm smelting; Nyob rau hauv smelting, peb siv tshav kub rau ib tug hlau ore nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug txo tus neeg sawv cev, uas yog carbon. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov txheej txheem thermite, peb ua tib yam txheej txheem nrog txhuas hmoov es tsis txhob carbon.
Kev txo qis carbon yog dab tsi?
Kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog txheej txheem los ntawm peb tuaj yeem rho tawm cov hlau los ntawm cov hlau fused siv cov pa roj carbon. Ntawm no, carbon ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev txo. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov hlau dawb tawm ntawm cov hlau oxide hauv cov ore. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev no tsim nyog rau cov hlau xws li hlau, tooj liab, zinc, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 01: Lub Smelter Siv Txoj Kev Txo Carbon rau kev rho tawm cov hlau
Hauv cov txheej txheem no, ua ntej, peb yuav tsum sib tov cov roasted los yog calcined ore nrog rau kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm coke los yog charcoal (coke thiab charcoal yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm carbon). Tom qab ntawd, peb yuav tsum tau siv cov cua sov. Nws yuav tsum tau kub heev. Nws thiaj li yuav decompose cov hlau ore los ntawm kev tshem tawm lwm yam tshuaj raws li gases los yog slag (iav zoo li byproducts) thiab tawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv dawb daim ntawv. Feem ntau, peb yuav tsum tau ua cov txheej txheem no nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub tawg nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug tswj cov khoom cua. Yog tias peb yuav cais cov hlau zinc los ntawm nws cov ore, cov tshuaj txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog raws li hauv qab no:
ZnO + C ⟶ Zn + CO
Ntxiv thiab, peb yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib qho reagent ntxiv rau cov ore kom tshem tawm cov impurities tseem nyob hauv cov ore. Peb hu nws "flux". Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov flux no tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov impurities thiab tsim cov khoom fusible; peb hu qhov no "slag".
Cov txheej txheem Thermite yog dab tsi?
Thermite txheej txheem yog txheej txheem uas peb tuaj yeem rho tawm cov hlau los ntawm nws cov ore siv txhuas hmoov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem no txo cov hlau oxide rau hauv cov hlau dawb. Tus neeg sawv cev txo qis yog aluminium.
Ntxiv mus, cov hlau loj uas peb tuaj yeem rho tawm los ntawm txoj kev no yog chromium thiab manganese. Peb tuaj yeem ua qhov no vim tias txhuas yog electropositive ntau dua li chromium thiab manganese. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov txheej txheem no yog raws li nram no:
2Al + Cr2O3 ⟶ Al2O 3 + 2Cr
8Al+Mn3O4 ⟶ Al2O 3 + 9Mn
Qhov txawv ntawm Carbon txo thiab Thermite txheej txheem yog dab tsi?
Kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab termite txheej txheem yog ob hom kev qhia peb tuaj yeem siv los cais cov hlau los ntawm nws cov oxide compound. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov txheej txheem thermite yog tias hauv kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide, peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hlau los ntawm nws cov ore los ntawm kev txo cov fused hlau oxide siv carbon whereas, hauv cov txheej txheem thermite, peb siv cov hmoov txhuas es tsis txhob carbon.
Thaum xav txog lawv cov ntsiab lus tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov sib txawv ntawm carbon txo thiab cov txheej txheem thermite yog tias hauv kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide, carbon hla nws cov nqi rau cov hlau cation, hloov cov nqi ntawm cov hlau los ntawm qhov zoo mus rau xoom. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov hlau dawb thaum kawg. Hauv cov txheej txheem thermite, txhuas yog electropositive ntau dua li chromium thiab manganese; Yog li, nws tuaj yeem hloov cov hlau hauv cov oxide compound. Piv txwv rau cov hlau peb tuaj yeem rho tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem txo cov pa roj carbon xws li zinc, tooj liab, hlau, thiab lwm yam, thaum chromium thiab manganese yog cov hlau uas peb tuaj yeem rho tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem thermite.
Summary – Carbon txo vs Thermite txheej txheem
Kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab termite txheej txheem yog ob hom kev qhia peb tuaj yeem siv los cais cov hlau los ntawm nws cov oxide compound. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov txheej txheem thermite yog qhov txo qis ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide, peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hlau los ntawm nws cov ore los ntawm kev txo cov fused hlau oxide siv carbon whereas, hauv cov txheej txheem thermite, peb siv txhuas hmoov es tsis txhob carbon.
