Qhov txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov teeb meem yog qhov loj yog qhov ntsuas tau, thaum qhov teeb meem tsis yog qhov ntsuas tau.
Mass thiab teeb meem yog ob lub ntsiab lus txhais tsis raug. Txawm li cas los xij, cov no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv thaj chaw xws li physics, cosmology thiab astrophysics. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog qhov tob npaum li cas thiab qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi, lawv lub ntsiab lus, lawv qhov sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv.
Mass yog dab tsi?
Mass yog lub cev loj ntawm qhov teeb meem tsis muaj qhov tseeb. Peb tuaj yeem faib cov huab hwm coj mus rau peb hom: inertial mass, active gravitational mass, thiab passive gravitational mass. Cov ntaub ntawv sim qhia tias tag nrho peb qhov ntau yog tib yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov teeb meem thiab lub zog yog ob hom ntawm pawg.
Peb tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov hnyav hauv cov ntsuas xws li kilograms. Qhov kev xav tsis zoo yog qhov hnyav yog ntsuas hauv kilograms, tab sis peb yuav tsum ntsuas nws hauv Newton. Qhov hnyav yog qhov muaj zog ntawm qhov hnyav.
Kinetic zog, lub zog, thiab qhov nrawm vim yog lub zog peb siv rau ntawm lub cev yog tag nrho nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev. Sib nrug los ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub, tej yam xws li electromagnetic tsis muaj qhov loj. Hauv kev sib piv, muaj ob hom huab hwm coj peb tuaj yeem txhais tau: so mass thiab relativistic huab hwm coj.
Qhov loj ntawm ib yam khoom tsis nyob tas li thoob plaws hauv kev txav mus los. Cov khoom seem yog qhov loj uas peb tuaj yeem ntsuas tau thaum qhov khoom nyob ntawm so. Qhov sib npaug sib npaug yog qhov ntsuas rau qhov khoom txav. Ob qho no yuav luag zoo ib yam rau kev nrawm dua li qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb, tab sis nws txawv heev thaum qhov ceev mus txog qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb. Tus so ntawm lub electromagnetic tsis yog xoom.
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb?
Matter yog ib lub tswv yim rov qab mus deb li cov neeg Greek thaum ub. Nws yog ib yam khoom ntawm txhua yam khoom siv lub cev. Nws tsis muaj lus txhais kom raug. Thawj qhov ze rau qhov kev tshawb fawb tiag tiag ntawm qhov teeb meem tau muab tso rau tom ntej los ntawm Leucippus thiab Democritus thaum ntxov 400 BC. Txoj kev xav Democritus hais tias qhov teeb meem tsis tas mus li; nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm discrete hais. Peb tuaj yeem pom qhov tsis txuas ntxiv ntawm cov teeb meem hauv qhov xwm txheej xws li kev tawg.
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov teeb meem raws li ntau yam. Los ntawm daim ntawv lub cev, peb tuaj yeem categorize nws li roj, kua, khoom, thiab plasma. Los ntawm txoj kev tshawb nrhiav, peb tuaj yeem cais nws raws li cov teeb meem qub thiab qhov tsaus ntuj. Ntxiv mus, los ntawm hom kev ntsuas qhov ntau, nws nyob hauv ob hom, raws li huab hwm coj thiab nthwv dej.
Txhua Lub Xeev Ntawm Cov Teebmeem
Hauv kev nkag siab ib txwm, muaj ib qho kev xav tsis zoo uas hais txog qhov loj. Txawm li cas los xij, huab hwm coj tuaj yeem nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm nthwv dej ib yam nkaus. Peb hu qhov no yoj-particle dual. Tag nrho cov huab hwm coj uas twb muaj lawm hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog kev koom tes los ntawm ob qho tib si nthwv dej thiab cov teeb meem ua ke. Khoom thiab lub zog yog transformable. Peb tuaj yeem hloov lub zog rau hauv qhov teeb meem thiab vice versa. Peb tuaj yeem muab qhov kev sib raug zoo no los ntawm kev sib npaug nto moo E=mc2Yog li, qhov kev hloov pauv no kuj qhia qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov teeb meem thiab lub zog.
Qhov txawv ntawm pawg thiab teeb meem yog dab tsi?
Khoom yog txhua yam uas nyob hauv qhov chaw thiab muaj huab hwm coj thaum huab hwm coj yog ib yam uas sawv cev rau cov teeb meem hauv ib qho chaw, particle, lossis khoom. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov teeb meem yog qhov loj yog qhov ntsuas tau, thaum qhov teeb meem tsis yog. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov teeb meem yog ib lub tswv yim tsis zoo, thaum huab hwm coj yog lub tswv yim zoo tsim kho.
Tau qhov ntawd, qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem ntsuas tau siv cov ntsuas sib txawv xws li qhov hnyav, ntim, thiab lwm yam. tab sis SI unit rau qhov hnyav yog kilogram. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov teeb meem.
Summary – Mass vs Matter
Mass thiab teeb meem yog ob lub ntsiab lus txhais tsis raug. Yeej, qhov teeb meem yog txhua yam uas nyob hauv qhov chaw thiab muaj huab hwm coj thaum huab hwm coj yog ib yam dab tsi uas sawv cev rau cov teeb meem hauv ib qho chaw, particle, lossis khoom. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov teeb meem yog qhov loj yog qhov ntsuas tau, thaum qhov teeb meem tsis ntsuas tau.
