Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm vertebrates thiab chordates yog cov vertebrates yog ib tug loj subphylum ntawm chordates uas muaj ib tug vertebral kem thaum lub chordates yog heev evolved tsiaj uas muaj ib tug notochord, ib tug dorsal paj qaum, pharyngeal slits, ib tug endostyle, thiab tom qab lub qhov quav thaum lub sijhawm lawv lub neej ncua.
Vertebrates yog ib pawg loj ntawm chordates hais txog cov naj npawb ntawm hom, evolutionary sophistication, thiab ntau lwm yam, thiab. Ntxiv mus, ntau tus neeg ntseeg hais tias chordates yog tib yam li vertebrates. Txawm li cas los xij, chordates suav nrog ob lub subphyla ntau dua li cov vertebrates. Lawv yog subphylum Tunicata (los yog Urochordata) thiab subphylum Cephalochordata. Yog li ntawd, tsis yog txhua tus chordates yog vertebrates, tab sis tag nrho cov vertebrates yog chordates. Yog li ntawd, tsab xov xwm no sim qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov vertebrates thiab chordates kom ntxaws.
Dab tsi yog Vertebrates?
Vertebrate tsiaj muaj lawv cov pob txha tshwj xeeb nrog tus txha caj qaum. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov pob txha yog ib kem ntawm vertebrae, uas yog ib feem ntawm lawv lub cev pob txha. Lub cev pob txha tuaj yeem yog pob txha lossis cartilaginous. Ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm chordates, lawv yog pawg loj tshaj plaws nrog rau noog, tsiaj txhu, ntses, amphibians, thiab cov tsiaj reptiles. Lawv tus txha caj qaum khiav raws lub cev nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw cranial thiab caudal los ntawm txoj hlab pas ntawm lub nraub qaum.
Ib yam li ntawd, vertebrates muaj ob tog sib luag lub cev. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov vertebrates yog lub hlwb zoo tsim los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha hu ua pob txha taub hau. Lawv cov kab mob ua pa ua haujlwm nrog lub ntsws los yog gills rau kev sib pauv roj ntawm cov tsiaj thiab ib puag ncig. Qee lub sij hawm, muaj lwm qhov chaw sib pauv roj xws li qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab cov tawv nqaij tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv amphibians.
Daim duab 01: Vertebrates
Ntxiv mus, cov kab mob vertebrate digestive yog ib qho tiav pib ntawm qhov ncauj thiab xaus tom qab qhov quav. Qhov no gastrointestinal ib ntsuj av yog ventrally mus rau tus txha caj qaum. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub qhov ncauj qhib los ntawm anterior, thiab lub qhov quav qhib los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub cev. Lub circulatory system yog kaw ib tug nrog ib tug ventrally nyob lub plawv.
Chordates yog dab tsi?
Chordates feem ntau yog cov tsiaj uas muaj qee yam tshwj xeeb xws li lub cev tsis muaj zog, lub paj hlwb dorsal, pharyngeal slits, endostyle, thiab cov leeg nqaij. Feem ntau ntawm cov chordates muaj cov txheej txheem zoo hauv cov pob txha ua los ntawm cov pob txha lossis pob txha mos. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv, lees txais txoj cai uas ib txwm muaj kev zam. Lub Phylum: Chordata suav nrog ntau dua 60, 000 hom nrog ntau dua 57, 000 vertebrate hom, 3, 000 tunicate hom, thiab ob peb lancelets. Vertebrates suav nrog ntses, amphibians, tsiaj reptiles, noog, thiab tsiaj txhu thaum larvaceans thiab salps suav nrog hauv tunicates.
Txawm li cas los xij, txhua pawg tsiaj no muaj cov yam ntxwv tau hais los saum toj no hauv lub ntsiab lus. Lub notochord yog cov qauv sab hauv uas yog qhov nyuaj heev hauv qhov, thiab nws loj hlob mus rau hauv cov pob txha caj qaum lossis vertebral kem ntawm cov vertebrates. Qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm lub notochord ua rau tus Tsov tus tw hauv chordates.
Daim duab 02: Chordate
Ntxiv mus, lub dorsal paj chord yog lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm chordates, thiab nws yog tus txha caj qaum ntawm vertebrates hauv tus nplaig nrov. Pharyngeal slits yog ib qho ntawm qhov qhib pom tam sim tom qab ntawm lub qhov ncauj, thiab cov no yuav los yog tsis nyob mus ib txhis hauv lub neej. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias cov kab mob pharyngeal no tshwm sim tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv ib lub vertebrate lub neej. Lub endostyle yog ib qho groove nyob rau hauv lub ventral phab ntsa ntawm lub pharynx. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov yam ntxwv no qhia txhua tus tsiaj raws li chordate.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Vertebrates thiab Chordates?
- Txhua tus vertebrates yog chordates. Yog li ntawd, lawv sib koom ib qho zoo sib xws morphology thiab anatomy.
- Lawv muaj ib qho notochord, dorsal hlab ntsha qaum, pharyngeal slits, endostyle, thiab tom qab lub qhov quav thaum lub sijhawm lawv lub neej.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, ob leeg vertebrates thiab chordates muaj xws li noog, amphibians, tsiaj reptiles, mammals thiab ntses.
- Lawv yog cov tsiaj uas hloov zuj zus mus rau lub Nceeg Vaj Animalia.
- Ntxiv mus, lawv yog deuterostomes.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj ob sab sib luag lub cev.
- Dhau li ntawd, ob hom tsiaj no yog coelomates.
Qhov txawv ntawm Vertebrates thiab Chordates yog dab tsi?
Vertebrates yog ib pawg loj ntawm chordates. Lawv muaj lub nraub qaum. Ntawm qhov tod tes, chordates yog cov tsiaj hloov zuj zus ntawm lub nceeg vaj Animalia. Lawv muaj ib tug notochord, ib tug dorsal paj qaum, pharyngeal slits, ib tug endostyle, thiab ib tug tom qab anal tail nyob rau hauv ib co sij hawm ntawm lawv lub neej. Chordates uas tsis yog vertebrates tsis muaj kab vertebral. Nov yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm vertebrates thiab chordates.
Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm vertebrates thiab chordates yog cov vertebrates muaj xws li noog, tsiaj reptiles, tsiaj txhu, ntses thiab amphibians. Ntawm qhov tod tes, chordates suav nrog vertebrates, lancelets thiab tunicates. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov vertebrates muaj cov ceg, puab tsaig, lub hlwb thiab pob txha taub hau uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv invertebrate chordates. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov txawv ntawm vertebrates thiab chordates.
Summary – Vertebrates vs Chordates
Chordates belongs rau Kingdom Animalia. Nws yog ib tug loj phylum uas muaj ob invertebrate subphyla thiab ib tug subphylum ntawm vertebrates. Chordates muaj ib tug notochord, ib tug dorsal paj qaum, pharyngeal slits, ib tug endostyle, thiab ib tug tom qab lub qhov quav tail nyob rau hauv ib co sij hawm ntawm lawv lub neej. Ntawm qhov tod tes, vertebrates sawv cev rau feem ntau ntawm cov chordates. Vertebrates muaj ib kab vertebral. Tsis tas li ntawd, vertebrates muaj lub hlwb thiab pob txha taub hau. Muaj tsib pawg tseem ceeb ntawm vertebrates; noog, amphibians, tsiaj reptiles, ntses thiab tsiaj txhu. Qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm vertebrates thiab chordates.
