Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv cog lus saturated thiab unsaturated yog tias daim ntawv cog lus saturated tsis muaj pi bonds whereas unsaturated bonds ib txwm muaj pi bonds.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv yog kev sib txuas ntawm cov atoms. Cov ntawv cog lus no ua rau tsim cov molecules. Muaj ob hom kev sib cog lus loj; lawv yog covalent bonds thiab ionic bonds. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntawv cog lus hauv cov hlau yog cov hlau nplaum. Covalent bonds tsim thaum ob lub atoms qhia lawv cov valence electrons. Cov ntawv cog lus covalent no tuaj yeem ua rau saturated lossis tsis txaus nyob ntawm tus naj npawb thiab hom ntawv cog lus uas muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob lub atoms.
Saturated Bonds yog dab tsi?
Saturated bonds yog ib daim ntawv cog lus. Cov no yog covalent chemical bonds. Nyob ntawd, ob lub atoms khi nrog ib leeg ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus sigma, thiab yog li, tsis muaj pi bonds - daim ntawv cog lus nrog ob lub electrons; ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm txhua qhov ntawm ob lub atoms uas tsim daim ntawv cog lus no. Cov electrons no yog cov valence electrons ntawm cov atoms. Lub zog ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ntawm hom nyiaj no yog qhov tsis muaj zog. Ob qhov sib koom electrons muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov atoms, thiab ntau dua electronegative atom yuav nyiam cov electrons ntawm nws tus kheej.
Daim duab 01: Methane yog ib qho Saturated Compound vim nws muaj plaub Saturated Bonds
Ntxiv mus, hom ntawv cog lus no muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev sib hloov. Nyob ntawd, daim ntawv cog lus no ua raws li lub axis ntawm kev sib hloov. Daim ntawv cog lus saturated thaum ua raws li orbitals sib tshooj.
- Ob lub orbitals
- ob pz orbitals
- S and pz orbital
- ob dz2 orbitals
- Txoj kab sib tshooj ntawm hybrid orbitals.
Dab tsi yog Unsaturated Bonds?
Unsaturated bonds yog ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab triple bonds ntawm ob lub atoms. Cov no yog covalent bonds. Yog li ntawd, electrons sib koom ntawm atoms. Ntxiv mus, muaj sigma bonds thiab pi bonds ib yam nkaus. Hauv ob daim ntawv cog lus, muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus sigma thiab pi daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ob lub atom. Hauv daim ntawv cog lus triple, muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus sigma thiab ob daim ntawv cog lus pi. Ib daim ntawv cog lus sigma vim yog linear overlapping ntawm atomic orbitals thaum lub pi bonds tsim vim yog sib npaug sib npaug.
Daim duab 02: Tsim Ib Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo Dua
Tsis tas li, ob daim ntawv cog lus muaj plaub daim ntawv cog lus hluav taws xob ntawm cov atoms thaum triple daim ntawv cog lus muaj rau electrons nyob ntawd. Vim tias muaj coob tus electrons ntawm cov atoms nyob rau hauv unsaturated binds, cov bonds zoo li reactive ntau dua. Ntxiv mus, cov ntawv cog lus no muaj zog dua thiab luv dua piv rau ib daim ntawv cog lus.
Qhov txawv ntawm Saturated thiab Unsaturated Bonds yog dab tsi?
Saturated bonds yog ib daim ntawv cog lus, thiab cov nyiaj tsis txaus ntseeg yog ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab triple daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ob lub atom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm saturated thiab unsaturated bonds yog tias daim ntawv cog lus saturated tsis muaj pi daim ntawv cog lus thaum unsaturated bonds ib txwm muaj pi bonds. Qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm saturated thiab unsaturated bonds yog tias muaj ib tug electron khub ntawm ob lub atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug saturated daim ntawv cog lus thaum muaj ob los yog peb electron khub ntawm atoms nyob rau hauv unsaturated bonds.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv cog lus saturated thiab unsaturated yog tias cov ntawv cog lus saturated yog qhov sib piv tsis muaj zog, ntev, thiab tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thaum, cov nyiaj tsis txaus ntseeg muaj zog, luv luv, thiab ntau dua reactive. Ntxiv mus, saturated bonds tuaj yeem hloov pauv thaum cov nyiaj tsis txaus ntseeg tsis tuaj yeem.
Cov hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus sib piv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus saturated thiab unsaturated.
Summary – Saturated vs Unsaturated Bonds
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, daim ntawv cog lus saturated yog ib daim ntawv cog lus thaum tsis muaj cov ntawv cog lus yog ob thiab peb daim ntawv cog lus. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv cog lus saturated thiab unsaturated yog tias daim ntawv cog lus saturated tsis muaj pi bonds whereas unsaturated bonds ib txwm muaj pi bonds.
