Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab cawv yog cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa cov -OH pawg hauv thawj cawv tsuas yog txuas rau ib pawg alkyl xwb hos carbon atom uas nqa cov -OH pawg hauv cov cawv thib ob txuas nrog. ob pawg alkyl.
Cawv yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj ib pawg hydroxyl ua pab pawg ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, lub reactivity ntawm cov cawv molecules nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm hydroxyl pawg nyob rau hauv lub molecule. Raws li, muaj peb hom loj li thawj, theem nrab thiab qib thib ob, nyob ntawm txoj kev uas pawg hydroxyl txuas rau lub molecule.
Pib Dej cawv yog dab tsi?
Cov cawv tseem ceeb yog cov organic sib xyaw uas cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa cov pawg -OH tsuas yog txuas rau ib pawg alkyl. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias; Cov pa roj carbon atom uas muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm txuas nrog lwm cov pa roj carbon atom thaum lwm cov atoms uas txuas rau cov pa roj carbon atom yog hydrogen atoms. Li no, ib txwm muaj ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm alkyl rau pawg hydroxyl-muaj cov pa roj carbon atom.
Daim duab 01: Ib Tug Dej Cawv Loj
Txawm li cas los xij, cov cawv tsawg tshaj plaws, methanol tsuas muaj peb lub atoms hydrogen txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon atom nqa cov pab pawg hydroxyl, thiab tsis muaj kev sib txuas alkyl. Feem ntau ntawm cov sij hawm, thawj cov cawv yog linear hauv cov qauv, tab sis tuaj yeem muaj qee qhov ceg yog tias cov molecule loj heev. Txawm li cas los xij, thawj cov cawv tsis ruaj khov vim tias tsuas muaj ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm alkyl rau cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa cov pawg -OH.
Secondary Alcohol yog dab tsi?
cawv thib ob yog cov organic sib xyaw uas cov pa roj carbon atoms nqa cov pawg -OH txuas rau ob pawg alkyl. Yog li ntawd, cov pa roj carbon atom no muaj ib qho hydrogen atom txuas rau nws nrog rau pawg hydroxyl thiab ob pawg alkyl. Yog li ntawd, muaj ob qho kev sib txuas alkyl rau cov pa roj carbon atom. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum oxidation nyob rau hauv me me, cov molecules hloov mus rau hauv ketones.
Daim duab 02: Qee qhov piv txwv rau Thawj Tswj Hwm, Secondary thiab Tertiary Alcohols
Ntxiv mus, cov cawv thib ob yog qhov ruaj khov dua vim tias lawv muaj ob qhov sib txuas alkyl. Thiab tseem, cov molecules yooj yim undergo esterification thaum piv rau thawj cawv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov organic tebchaw no tsawg acidic.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab Thib Ob Dej Cawv?
Cov cawv tseem ceeb yog cov organic sib xyaw uas cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa cov -OH pawg tsuas yog txuas rau ib pawg alkyl thaum cov cawv thib ob yog cov organic compound uas cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa -OH pawg txuas nrog ob pawg alkyl. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab cawv. Ntxiv mus, reactiveness ntawm txhua qhov ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab cawv. Thawj cov cawv muaj qhov sib piv tsawg dua thaum cov cawv thib ob muaj ntau dua.
Txawm li cas los xij, thawj cov cawv tsis ruaj khov vim tias tsuas muaj ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm alkyl rau cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa cov pab pawg -OH thaum cov cawv thib ob ruaj khov dua vim tias lawv muaj ob qhov sib txuas alkyl. Yog li, kev ruaj ntseg kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab cawv. Cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cawv thawj thiab theem nrab tau muab rau hauv cov ntawv hauv qab no.
Summary – Primary vs Secondary Alcohol
Cawv yog hydroxyl pawg uas muaj cov organic tebchaw. Muaj peb hom loj raws li tus qauv; thawj, theem nrab thiab tertiary cawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab cawv yog tias hauv thawj cawv, cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa cov pab pawg -OH tsuas yog txuas rau ib pawg alkyl hos, hauv cov cawv thib ob, cov pa roj carbon atom uas nqa cov -OH pawg yog txuas nrog ob alkyl. pab pawg.
