Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws thiab colloid yog tias cov khoom hauv colloid feem ntau loj dua li cov ntsiab lus hauv cov tshuaj.
Ib qho sib xyaw yog cov khoom sib txawv, uas lub cev sib xyaw ua ke, tab sis tsis koom nrog tshuaj lom neeg. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom pom cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev lossis tshuaj lom neeg ntau dua li cov khoom sib txawv. Kev daws thiab colloids yog ob qho kev sib xyaw nrog cov khoom sib txawv. Hauv cov khoom sib xyaw no, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, roj av lossis kua tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke sib txawv.
Kev daws yog dab tsi?
Ib tshuaj yog ib homogeneous sib tov ntawm ob los yog ntau yam tshuaj. Peb hu nws homogenous sib tov vim hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg yog uniform thoob plaws hauv cov tshuaj. Lub Cheebtsam ntawm kev daws yog feem ntau ntawm ob hom, cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov kuab tshuaj. Cov kuab tshuaj dissolves lub solutes thiab tsim ib tug uniform tov. Yog li, feem ntau cov kuab tshuaj ntau dua li cov kuab tshuaj.
Txhua cov khoom hauv cov tshuaj muaj qhov loj ntawm cov molecule lossis ib qho ion, yog li peb tsis tuaj yeem saib lawv ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Cov kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem muaj xim yog tias cov kuab tshuaj los yog cov kuab tshuaj tuaj yeem nqus pom lub teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev daws teeb meem feem ntau yog pob tshab. Cov kuab tshuaj yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kua, gaseous los yog solid state. Cov kuab tshuaj feem ntau yog kua. Ntawm cov kua, peb suav hais tias dej yog cov kuab tshuaj thoob ntiaj teb, vim tias nws tuaj yeem yaj ntau yam ntau dua li lwm cov kuab tshuaj. Peb tuaj yeem yaj cov roj, khoom lossis lwm yam kua dej hauv cov kua ua kua. Hauv cov kuab tshuaj roj, tsuas yog cov kua roj ntsha tuaj yeem yaj.
Daim duab 01: Kev daws teeb meem sib txawv
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov txwv rau tus lej ntawm cov tshuaj uas peb tuaj yeem ntxiv rau qee qhov hnyav. Cov tshuaj yuav saturated yog tias peb ntxiv qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kuab tshuaj rau cov kuab tshuaj. Yog tias muaj cov kuab tshuaj tsawg heev, cov tshuaj yuav diluted, thiab yog tias muaj cov kuab tshuaj ntau hauv cov tshuaj, nws yuav dhau los ua cov tshuaj concentrated. Los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj, peb tuaj yeem tau txais ib lub tswv yim hais txog tus nqi ntawm cov kuab tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj.
Colloid yog dab tsi?
Colloidal tov muaj nyob rau hauv homogeneous sib tov, tab sis qee zaus nws yog heterogeneous (piv txwv li, mis nyuj, pos). Cov khoom hauv cov tshuaj colloidal yog qhov loj me me (loj dua li cov molecules) piv rau cov khoom hauv cov kev daws teeb meem thiab kev ncua. Tab sis, zoo li cov khoom hauv cov kev daws teeb meem, lawv tsis pom qhov muag liab qab, thiab peb tsis tuaj yeem lim siv cov ntawv lim.
Daim duab 02: Ob Hom Colloids
Peb hu cov hais nyob rau hauv ib tug colloid li dispersed khoom, thiab cov dispersing nruab nrab yog analogous rau hnyav nyob rau hauv ib tug tov. Raws li cov khoom siv dispersed thiab nruab nrab, muaj ntau hom colloids. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias ib tug gas disperses nyob rau hauv ib tug kua nruab nrab, lub resulting colloid yog 'ua npuas ncauj' (piv txwv li, whipped cream). Yog tias ob lub kua ua ke ua ke, ib daim ntawv emulsion (piv txwv li, mis nyuj). Cov khoom uas muab faib rau hauv qhov nruab nrab colloidal tsis nyob twj ywm yog tias nws tseem tshuav. Colloidal daws yog translucent los yog opaque. Qee zaum cov khoom hauv colloid tuaj yeem cais tawm ntawm centrifugation lossis coagulation. Piv txwv li, cov proteins hauv cov mis nyuj coagulate thaum peb muab cua sov los yog peb ntxiv cov kua qaub.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev daws thiab Colloid?
Txoj kev daws teeb meem thiab colloids yog ob hom kev sib xyaw uas muaj ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj. Cov khoom sib tov no yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ua kua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws thiab colloid yog tias cov khoom hauv ib qho colloid feem ntau loj dua li cov ntsiab lus hauv cov tshuaj. Ntxiv mus, cov kev daws teeb meem yog kiag li homogenous piv rau colloids, uas kuj muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug heterogeneous sib tov. Li no, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev daws thiab colloid. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho sib txawv ntawm kev daws thiab colloid yog tias cov colloidal yog opaque lossis translucent, tab sis cov kev daws teeb meem yog pob tshab.
Summary – Solution vs Colloid
Ob qho kev daws teeb meem thiab cov colloids yog cov sib xyaw ntawm ob lossis ntau yam khoom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws thiab colloid yog tias cov khoom hauv ib qho colloid feem ntau loj dua cov ntsiab lus hauv cov tshuaj.
