Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Electromagnetic Wave Theory thiab Planck's Quantum Theory yog tias Electromagnetic Wave Theory tsis piav qhia txog lub cev dub lub cev hluav taws xob thiab cov nyhuv photoelectric whereas Planck's Quantum Theory piav qhia lub cev dub lub cev hluav taws xob thiab cov nyhuv photoelectric.
Yog tias peb ua kom sov ib yam khoom (uas muaj lub siab melting point), nws thawj zaug hloov xim liab, ces hloov mus rau xim daj, uas tom qab ntawd pib ci nrog lub teeb dawb thiab xiav. Thaum cov khoom raug cua sov zoo li no, peb hu nws ua "lub cev dub" thiab qhov tshwm sim hluav taws xob (uas cov khoom tawm tawm) yog "dub lub cev hluav taws xob". Txawm li cas los xij, peb tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov no tshwm sim li cas siv electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav tab sis Planck's quantum txoj kev xav piav qhia nws zoo.
Electromagnetic Wave Theory yog dab tsi?
Electromagnetic Wave Theory yog ib txoj kev xav hauv chemistry uas tau tsim los ntawm James Clark Maxwell hauv xyoo 1864. Raws li qhov kev xav no, muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus hais txog hluav taws xob tawm ntawm ib yam khoom.
Cov ntsiab lus no yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Zog tawm los ntawm txhua qhov chaw txuas ntxiv hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.
- Radiation muaj ob lub teb oscillating perpendicular rau ib leeg; hluav taws xob teb thiab magnetic teb. Ob daim teb no yog nyob rau ntawm txoj kev ntawm hluav taws xob.
- Radiation muaj yoj yam ntxwv thiab taug kev hauv qhov nrawm ntawm lub teeb. Peb hu nws electromagnetic radiation.
- Cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsis tas yuav muaj teeb meem rau kev nthuav tawm.
"nthwv dej" piav qhia hauv qhov kev xav no muaj ob peb yam ntxwv. Lub wavelength ntawm nthwv dej yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob qhov sib law liag los yog troughs ntawm nthwv dej. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm nthwv dej uas dhau los ntawm ib qho taw tes rau ib ob yog qhov zaus ntawm nthwv dej. Lub linear nrug uas yoj mus ib ob yog qhov tshaj tawm. Wavenumber yog tus naj npawb ntawm nthwv dej tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib-centimeter ntev.
Daim duab 01: Electromagnetic Wave Length
Siv qhov kev xav no, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov electromagnetic spectrum. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov kev txwv rau qhov kev xav no. Cov kev txwv no yog raws li nram no:
- Nws tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia lub cev dub hluav taws xob.
- Thiab, nws tsis piav qhia txog cov nyhuv photoelectric.
- Nws tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia tias lub peev xwm kub hloov pauv qhov kub ntawm cov khib nyiab.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia kab ntawm atoms.
Planck's Quantum Theory yog dab tsi?
Planck's Quantum Theory yog ib qho kev tshawb xav hauv chemistry tsim los ntawm Max Planck hauv xyoo 1900. Qhov kev xav no zoo li kev hloov kho rau electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav vim peb tuaj yeem piav qhia txog tej yam uas electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav piav tsis tau. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv txoj kev xav no yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Radiant zog tawm los yog nqus tsis tu ncua raws li lub zog pob khoom, uas peb hu ua quanta.
- Lub zog ntawm txhua quantum sib npaug ntawm cov khoom ntawm Planck qhov tas li thiab qhov zaus ntawm hluav taws xob.
- Txhua tus nqi zog uas ib yam khoom tawm los lossis nqus yog tag nrho ntawm quanta.
Ntxiv mus, qhov kev xav no tau piav qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cev hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov nyhuv photoelectric uas txoj kev xav ntawm electromagnetic yoj tsis tau piav qhia. Raws li qhov kev xav no, thaum peb ua kom sov ib yam khoom, cov atoms ntawm cov khoom no nqus lub zog los ntawm tshav kub thiab pib oscillations kom emit hluav taws xob; Thaum peb ntxiv cov khoom cua sov, nws emits ntau thiab ntau dua. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom emits hluav taws xob nrog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov pom ntau yam uas muab xim liab, thiab tom ntej no yog xim daj thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 02: Lub Cev Dub Spectrum
Thaum xav txog qhov kev piav qhia rau cov nyhuv photoelectric, ua ntej cia peb nkag siab tias cov nyhuv photoelectric yog dab tsi. Thaum cov hluav taws xob tawg rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau, nws ua rau emission ntawm electrons nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau. Nov yog qhov peb hu ua photoelectric effect.
Daim duab 03: Photoelectric Effect
Raws li Planck's Quantum Theory, thaum lub teeb tawg rau ntawm qhov chaw, lub quanta ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob muab tag nrho nws lub zog rau cov hluav taws xob hauv qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd, cov electrons yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw thiab tawm ntawm qhov chaw, yog hais tias qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob muaj lub zog sib npaug ntawm lub zog ntawm kev nyiam ntawm atomic nucleus thiab electron.
Qhov txawv ntawm Electromagnetic Wave Theory thiab Planck's Quantum Theory yog dab tsi?
Electromagnetic Wave Theory yog ib txoj kev xav hauv chemistry tsim los ntawm James Clark Maxwell hauv 1864 whereas Planck's Quantum Theory yog ib txoj kev xav hauv chemistry tsim los ntawm Max Planck hauv xyoo 1900. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav thiab Planck's quantum txoj kev xav yog tias electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav tsis piav qhia lub cev dub lub cev hluav taws xob thiab cov nyhuv photoelectric thaum Planck's quantum txoj kev xav piav qhia lub cev dub hluav taws xob tshwm sim thiab cov nyhuv photoelectric. Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav thiab Planck lub quantum txoj kev xav yog hais tias raws li lub electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav, cov hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua tab sis, raws li Planck's Quantum Theory, cov hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm electromagnetic yoj txoj kev xav thiab Planck's quantum txoj kev xav hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Electromagnetic Wave Theory vs Planck's Quantum Theory
Ob txoj kev xav Electromagnetic Wave Theory thiab Planck's Quantum Theory piav qhia txog tus cwj pwm ntawm hluav taws xob tawm ntawm cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Electromagnetic Wave Theory thiab Planck's Quantum Theory yog tias Electromagnetic Wave Theory tsis piav qhia txog lub cev hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov nyhuv photoelectric thaum Planck's Quantum Theory piav qhia lub cev dub lub cev hluav taws xob thiab cov nyhuv photoelectric.
