Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral thiab cell mediated immunity yog tias kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral (antibody-mediated immunity) muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thaum lub cell mediated tiv thaiv tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev los tiv thaiv kab mob thiab co toxins thiab zam kev kis kab mob thiab kab mob. Yog li ntawd, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov ntaub so ntswg uas tswj peb kev tiv thaiv. Nws muaj feem ntau ntawm cov tib neeg cov hlwb kis thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Yog li, kev tiv thaiv tuaj yeem yog ob hom; innate immunity lossis adaptive immunity. Adaptive immunity yog ib lub ntsiab lus rau kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, uas muab cov kab mob tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob no tau tsim los ntawm T-lymphocyte thiab B-lymphocyte hlwb. Thiab nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb heev vim nws tsuas muaj nyob rau hauv cov vertebrates, thiab muaj peev xwm paub txog txawv teb chaws antigens nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev meej heev.
Raws li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev hloov kho, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg ntxiv; humoral immunity thiab cell-mediated immunity. Humoral tiv thaiv kab mob yog lub hauv paus tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob extracellular uas tsav los ntawm B lymphocytes. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cell mediated tiv thaiv kab mob yog thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev uas tsav los ntawm T lymphocytes.
Humoral Immunity yog dab tsi?
Humoral immunity, tseem hu ua antibody-mediated immunity, yog ib ceg ntawm adaptative tiv thaiv kab mob uas kho los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv secreted los ntawm B- lymphocyte hlwb. Humoral kev tiv thaiv ua haujlwm tawm tsam cov kab mob tshwj xeeb sab nraum lub hlwb (extracellular pathogens). B-hlwb yog cov pob txha pob txha-derived, thiab txhua lub xovtooj ua tsuas yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwj xeeb ua rau ntawm ib qho kab mob. DNA rearrangement ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau haiv neeg.
Daim duab 01: Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej
Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov kab mob. Rau qee cov kab mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv khi rau lub hlwb thiab teeb liab phagocytes lossis lwm cov qe ntshav dawb lossis lwm yam kev tiv thaiv los tua lawv. Yog li, B cell activation, B cell proliferation thiab antigen-antibody kev sib cuam tshuam yog peb lub ntsiab mechanisms ntawm humoral tiv thaiv.
Cell Mediated Immunity yog dab tsi?
Cell mediated immunity yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas kho los ntawm T-cell antigen receptors ua los ntawm thymus-derived T-cells. Raws li lub npe qhia, T-hlwb lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb khi nrog cov antigens, es tsis txhob tso cov receptors los ntawm lub cev ntawm tes. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob koom nrog hauv cell mediated immunity. Tsis tas li ntawd, cell mediated kev tiv thaiv ua haujlwm tsuas yog rau cov kab mob intracellular. Cell mediated immunity yog tsim los ntawm T pab hlwb thiab cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Daim duab 02: Cell Mediated Immunity
Txhua T-cell ua tsuas yog ib hom T-cell antigen receptor. Yog li, t-cell receptor muaj plaub proteins, uas yog, ob lub loj (α) thiab ob lub me (β) chains. Txhua lub saw muaj qhov chaw tas mus li thiab sib txawv. Cov cheeb tsam sib txawv tau txiav txim siab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov receptor mus rau ib qho kab mob tshwj xeeb thaum cov cheeb tsam sib txawv ua haujlwm sab nraud pab khi T-cells rau cov cell antigen. Yog li, lub cell-mediated immune system yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim nws tshem tawm cov qog hlwb ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem loj hlob thiab kis tau ntau heev. Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua 'immunological soj ntsuam'. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm ib tus neeg tsis txheeb ze tau nkag mus rau lwm tus neeg, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob no yuav teb thiab tua cov ntaub so ntswg hloov tam sim ntawd.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Humoral thiab Cell Mediated Immunity?
- Humoral thiab Cell Mediated Immunity yog ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau thaum raug cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws.
- Lawv tiv thaiv peb lub cev tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob.
- Tsis tas li, ob qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv antigens.
- Dhau li ntawd, lawv ob lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv cov neeg tiv thaiv kab mob.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Kev Humoral thiab Cell Mediated Immunity?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev lom zem thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tes yog kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral mediates los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim los ntawm B lymphocytes thaum cell mediated tiv thaiv tsis koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral feem ntau ua haujlwm tawm tsam cov kab mob extracellular uas tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thaum lub xov tooj ntawm tes kho kev tiv thaiv ua haujlwm tawm tsam cov kab mob hauv lub cev uas txheeb xyuas los ntawm T cell receptors. Li no, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev humoral thiab cell mediated tiv thaiv. Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev humoral thiab cell mediated kev tiv thaiv yog tias kev tiv thaiv humoral tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav thaum lub cell mediated tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov hauv qab no nthuav tawm cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev humoral thiab cell mediated immunity.
Summary – Humoral vs Cell Mediated Immunity
Kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm tes yog ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob los yog yoog raws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev humoral thiab cell mediated kev tiv thaiv yog tias kev tiv thaiv humoral pab txhawb los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim los ntawm B lymphocytes. Hauv qhov sib piv, cell mediated immunity tsis pab los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws yog kho los ntawm TH hlwb thiab cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev humoral thiab cell mediated immunity yog tias kev tiv thaiv humoral ua haujlwm tawm tsam extracellular antigens thaum cell mediated tiv thaiv ua haujlwm tawm tsam intracellular antigens.
