Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm photochemical thiab thermal cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical pib thaum cov reactants tau txais lub zog los ntawm photons whereas thermal reactions pib thaum cov reactants tau tshav kub zog.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog ib qho txheej txheem ntawm kev rov kho cov qauv molecular lossis ionic ntawm cov khoom uas tsis yog lub cev lossis kev hloov pauv nuclear. Photochemical thiab thermal cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li lub zog uas lawv tau txais los txhawm rau pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj.
Photochemical Reaction yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov reactants tau txais lub zog li photons. Nyob ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pib nrog kev nqus ntawm lub teeb qhov twg lub teeb yog suav nrog photons. Thaum cov reactant molecules nqus lub zog nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nws ua rau lub molecule txav mus rau lub xeev zoo siab uas cov tshuaj thiab lub cev lub cev ntawm cov molecule txawv ntawm qhov qub molecule. Peb hu qhov no "excitation". Lub xeev zoo siab tshiab no tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv cov qauv tshiab ntawm kev sib xyaw nrog lwm cov molecules lossis los ntawm kev hloov nws cov qauv.
Daim duab 01: Photosynthesis yog Photochemical Reaction
Cov qauv ntawm lub teeb uas tuaj yeem pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical suav nrog UV teeb, pom lub teeb thiab IR teeb. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv no muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Photosynthesis
- YBioluminescence
- Photo-degradation
- Vision
- Photo-alkylation
Dab tsi yog qhov Thermal Reaction?
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv thermal yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov reactants tau txais lub zog raws li cua sov. Peb npe cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua "thermolysis" lossis "thermal decomposition reactions". Nws feem ntau cuam tshuam cov tshuaj decomposition ntawm ib yam khoom thaum peb siv lub zog cua sov. Qhov kub ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj no pib yog "decomposition temperature". Feem ntau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog endothermic. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov reactants yuav tsum tau tshav kub lub zog thiaj li yuav ua txhaum cov tshuaj bonds ntawm lub atoms ntawm cov khoom uas undergo lub decomposition.
Daim duab 02: Kev Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam Tawm
Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, feem ntau ntawm cov sij hawm cuam tshuam nrog ib qho reactant. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thermal yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Calcium carbonate decomposition rau calcium oxide thiab carbon dioxide
- Decomposition ntawm dej molecules ntawm 2000◦C
Qhov txawv ntawm Photochemical thiab Thermal Reaction yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov reactants tau txais lub zog li photons thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thermal yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov reactants tau txais lub zog li cua sov. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm photochemical thiab thermal cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ob qho no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb heev hauv chemistry. Ob qhov kev tawm tsam no txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li lub zog qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical cuam tshuam ncaj qha los ntawm lub teeb thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thermal tsis yog. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kub thiab txias muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thermal thaum tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm photochemical thiab thermal cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Photochemical vs Thermal Reaction
Photochemical thiab thermal tshua, ob qho tib si yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov txawv ntawm photochemical thiab thermal cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical pib thaum cov reactants tau txais lub zog los ntawm photons whereas thermal reactions pib thaum cov reactants tau tshav kub zog.
