Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm graphite thiab graphene yog tias graphite yog ib qho allotrope ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau thaum graphene yog ib daim ntawv ntawm graphite.
Graphite yog qhov paub zoo ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Ntxiv mus, peb xav tias nws yog ib qho semimetal, thiab nws muaj cov txheej txheem txheej nrog ob peb txheej ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas tau ntim zoo rau ib leeg. Ib txheej ntawm cov txheej no yog ib daim ntawv graphene. Daim ntawv graphene raug suav tias yog nanoparticle raws li nws qhov ntev.
Graphite yog dab tsi?
Graphite yog ib qho ruaj khov allotrope ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas muaj cov qauv crystalline thiab ib daim ntawv ntawm cov thee. Thiab peb suav hais tias nws yog ib haiv neeg ntxhia. Ib hom pob zeb hauv av yog ib yam khoom uas tshwm sim hauv qhov tsis muaj kev sib txuas nrog lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog daim ntawv ruaj khov tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem. Tib qhov rov ua dua ntawm no allotrope yog carbon (C). Nws muaj hexagonal crystal system. Qhov no allotrope tshwm nyob rau hauv hlau-dub mus rau steel-grey xim, thiab nws muaj ib tug metallic luster. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xim streak ntawm cov pob zeb no yog xim dub (xim uas tshwm hauv nws cov hmoov zoo).
Daim duab 01: Graphite
Peb hu cov qauv lattice ntawm no allotrope ua honeycomb lattice. Nws muaj cov nplooj ntawv graphene sib cais ntawm 0.335 nm nrug. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv lattice, cov pa roj carbon atoms sib cais nyob rau hauv 0.142 nm nrug. Cov pa roj carbon atoms yog sib koom ua ke ntawm covalent bonds, ib qho carbon atom muaj peb covalent bonds nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Txij li thaum lub valency ntawm carbon yog 4, muaj ib tug plaub unoccupied electron nyob rau hauv txhua txhua thiab txhua txhua carbon atom ntawm cov qauv no. Yog li ntawd, nws yog dawb rau migrate, ua graphite hluav taws xob conductive. Ntuj graphite muaj txiaj ntsig hauv refractories, roj teeb, steelmaking, nthuav graphite, nres hauv ob sab phlu, foundry ntsib thiab lubricants.
Graphene yog dab tsi?
Graphene yog ib txheej ntawm ntau txheej hauv graphite. Nws yog semimetal. Daim ntawv no muaj ib txheej ntawm carbon atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug planar qauv. Txhua thiab txhua txhua carbon atom muaj peb covalent bonds nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv. Peb hu nws lub hexagonal lattice qauv. Tsis zoo li graphite, graphene muaj ntau yam tsis zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws yog cov khoom siv zog tshaj plaws uas tau sim. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj cua sov thiab hluav taws xob zoo. cov compound no yuav luag pob tshab.
Daim duab 02: Graphene Sheet
Nws muaj qhov ntsuas ntau dua li graphite. Graphene los xij yog suav tias yog nanoparticles raws li qhov ntev (qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1 - 100nm ntau). Cov pa roj carbon atoms ntawm daim ntawv no muaj plaub daim ntawv cog lus nrog rau peb daim ntawv cog lus nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom thiab ib daim ntawv cog lus pi taw qhia tawm ntawm lub dav hlau. Kev siv loj ntawm cov ntawv no yog tsim cov pa roj carbon nanotubes.
Qhov txawv ntawm Graphite thiab Graphene yog dab tsi?
Graphite yog ib qho ruaj khov allotrope ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas muaj cov qauv crystalline thiab ib daim ntawv ntawm cov thee. Nws muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau ntau. Nws yog nkig. Ntxiv mus, carbon atoms ntawm graphite yog sib koom ua ke ntawm covalent bonds, ib tug carbon atom muaj peb covalent bonds nyob ib ncig ntawm nws thiab muaj ib tug dawb electron. Graphene yog ib txheej ntawm ntau txheej hauv graphite. Tsis zoo li graphite, qhov no yog ib daim ntawv carbon. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog cov khoom siv zog tshaj plaws puas tau sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv carbon no muaj plaub daim ntawv cog lus nrog rau peb daim ntawv cog lus nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom thiab ib daim ntawv cog lus pi taw qhia tawm ntawm lub dav hlau. Cov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm graphite thiab graphene.
Summary – Graphite vs Graphene
Graphite thiab graphene yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv carbon uas muaj feem xyuam rau ib leeg. Qhov sib txawv ntawm graphite thiab graphene yog tias cov graphite yog ib qho allotrope ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau thaum cov graphene yog ib daim ntawv ntawm graphite.
