Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib ntxiv thiab radical polymerization yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm polymerization tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm unsaturated monomers whereas lub radical polymerization tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm dawb radicals.
Polymerization yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov polymer siv ntau cov monomers. Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov txheej txheem polymerization; Lawv yog, ntxiv polymerization, condensation polymerization. Lub radical polymerization yog ib daim ntawv ntawm ntxiv polymerization.
Qhov Ntxiv Polymerization yog dab tsi?
Nws yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov polymer ntxiv los ntawm kev sib txuas cov monomers tsis txaus ntseeg. Cov ntaub ntawv tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv yog polyolefin polymers. Polyolefin polymers tsim thaum olefin monomers txuas nrog ib leeg. Olefins yog me me unsaturated compounds xws li alkene. Yog li ntawd, thaum cov olefins dhau los ua polymerization, cov nyiaj tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov monomers hloov mus rau hauv cov ntawv cog lus saturated. Txawm li cas los xij, cov monomer ntawm ntxiv polymerization tuaj yeem yog radical, cation lossis anion.
Daim duab 1: Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem ntawm Polypropylene, uas yog Polyolefin Polymer
Synthesis of Addition Polymers:
Nws muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxiv polymerization. Txhua lub polymerization pib nrog ib tus neeg pib, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem polymerization.
- Radical polymerization koom nrog cov polymerization ntawm monomers nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug radical uas tuaj yeem tawm tsam cov monomer los ua cov pa roj carbon radical.
- Tus pib ntawm txheej txheem cationic polymerization yog cov kua qaub uas tuaj yeem ua rau carbocation
- Tus pib ntawm cov txheej txheem anionic polymerization yog nucleophile uas tuaj yeem ua rau carbanion
Qee yam piv txwv rau ntxiv polymers yog raws li hauv qab no:
- LDPE (tsis tshua muaj polyethylene)
- HDPE (siab ntom polyethylene)
- YPVC (polyvinyl chloride)
- YPolypropylene
- YPolystyrene
Radical Polymerization yog dab tsi?
Nws yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv polymer los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm cov dawb radicals. Kev tsim ntawm radicals tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog tus pib molecule ua ib qho radical. Cov saw hlau polymer tsim los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm cov radical tsim nrog cov tsis-radical monomers.
Daim duab 2: Nitroxide Mediated Dawb Radical Polymerization rau PVC
Muaj peb kauj ruam tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem radical polymerization:
- Kev pib
- Kev nthuav qhia
- Kev txiav txim
Cov kauj ruam pib tsim qhov taw tes rov ua haujlwm. Nws yog lub ntsiab lus los ntawm qhov twg cov saw hlau polymer tsim. Cov kauj ruam thib ob yog cov kauj ruam nthuav tawm uas cov polymer siv nws lub sijhawm los loj hlob cov saw hlau polymer. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam txiav, kev loj hlob ntawm cov saw hlau polymer nres. Qhov ntawd tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntau txoj hauv kev:
- Kev sib xyaw ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ob txoj hlua polymer loj hlob
- Kev sib xyaw ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov saw hlau polymer nrog tus pib
- Radical disproportionation (tshem tawm ntawm hydrogen atom, tsim ib pab pawg tsis txaus ntseeg)
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Ntxiv thiab Radical Polymerization?
- Ob leeg yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov txheej txheem polymerization ntxiv
- Ob lub polymerizations koom nrog peb kauj ruam: pib, nthuav tawm thiab txiav tawm ntawm cov saw hlau loj hlob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ntxiv thiab Radical Polymerization yog dab tsi?
Ntxiv vs Radical Polymerization |
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| Ntxiv polymerization yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ib qho ntxiv polymer los ntawm kev sib txuas cov monomers tsis txaus. | Radical polymerization yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv polymer los ntawm kev ntxiv cov dawb radicals. |
| Nature of Monomers Siv | |
| Olefins lossis unsaturated compounds feem ntau muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus | dawb radicals muaj unpaired electrons |
| Kev sib cog hauv Monomers | |
| Ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv monomers dhau los tom qab ua tiav ntawm polymerization | Unpaired electrons hauv radicals ua khub tom qab ua tiav ntawm lub polymerization |
| Reactivity ntawm Monomers | |
| Monomers tau dhau los ua polymerization ntxiv thaum ob daim ntawv cog lus hloov mus rau ib daim ntawv cog lus | Monomers tau dhau los ua cov polymerization ntawm cov radicals vim qhov kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov dawb radicals. |
Summary – Ntxiv vs Radical Polymerization
Ntxiv thiab radical polymerization yog ob hom kev siv polymerization. Radical polymerization yog ib hom kev ntxiv polymerization. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib ntxiv thiab radical polymerization yog qhov ntxiv polymerization tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm unsaturated monomers whereas radical polymerization tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm dawb radicals.
