Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Subcritical vs Critical vs Supercritical Mass
Subcritical, tseem ceeb thiab supercritical huab hwm coj xa mus rau qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv fissile siv hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nuclear. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm subcritical, tseem ceeb thiab supercritical huab hwm coj yog qhov subcritical huab hwm coj yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom fissile uas tsis txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear thaum qhov tseem ceeb loj yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom fissile uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus nuclear, thiab supercritical loj ntawm cov khoom fissile yog qhov loj tshaj qhov txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nuclear.
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nuclear yog ib qho kev cuam tshuam fission. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear fission yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cov neutron los ntawm qhov tsis ruaj khov atomic nucleus. Thaum qhov no tso tawm neutron cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov isotope tsis ruaj khov, cov isotope tshiab kuj dhau mus rau kev sib tsoo nuclear, tso lwm cov neutron. Ib yam li ntawd, muaj cov kev tawm tsam tshwm sim.
Subcritical Mass yog dab tsi?
Subcritical mass yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv fissile uas tsis txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear. Txhawm rau pib qhov fission saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, yuav tsum muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qhov loj ntawm fissile isotope (lub npe hu ua qhov loj loj). Lub subcritical huab hwm coj yog ib txwm tsawg dua li ntawm qhov tseem ceeb loj; yog li ntawd, qhov subcritical loj ntawm cov khoom fissile tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov tshuaj fission saw.
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neutrons tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib qho subcritical loj ntawm cov khoom fissile yuav exponentially txo nrog lub sij hawm vim tsis muaj isotopes txaus uas muaj peev xwm tso tawm ntau neutrons los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov neutrons uas twb muaj lawm.
Critical Mass yog dab tsi?
qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj tshaj ntawm cov khoom fissile uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam cov saw hlau nuclear. Tus nqi ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv fissile, qhov ntom ntom, cov duab, thiab kev nplua nuj ntawm cov khoom fissile.
Daim duab 1: Qhov loj ntawm isotopes txiav txim siab tus naj npawb ntawm fissions.
Qhov purity ntawm isotope kuj tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov purity siab, qhov tseem ceeb loj yog tsawg. Cov xwm txheej sab nraud uas cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov kub thiab qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom fissile.
Dab tsi yog Supercritical Mass?
Supercritical huab hwm coj ntawm cov khoom fissile yog qhov loj tshaj qhov txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear. Thaum muaj supercritical huab hwm coj nyob rau hauv ib qho system muaj fission chain reactions, tus nqi ntawm fission yuav nce nrog lub sij hawm. Qhov no yog vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov neutron cuam tshuam nrog isotope siab heev muaj ntau cov isotopes tam sim no nyob rau hauv qhov system. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab qee lub sijhawm, lub kaw lus tau txais qhov sib npaug ntawm lub xeev uas cov khoom loj tau qis dua mus rau qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm Subcritical Critical thiab Supercritical Mass yog dab tsi?
Subcritical vs Critical vs Supercritical pawg |
|
| Subcritical Mass | Subcritical mass yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom fissile uas tsis txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nuclear. |
| Critical Mass | qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom fissile uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov saw hlau nuclear. |
| Supercritical Mass | Supercritical huab hwm coj ntawm cov khoom fissile yog qhov loj tshaj qhov txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear. |
| Ntaus Mass | |
| Subcritical Mass | Subcritical mass yog tsawg dua li qhov tseem ceeb. |
| Critical Mass | qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov xav tau rau qhov fission saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom pib. |
| Supercritical Mass | Supercritical mass yog ntau dua li qhov tseem ceeb. |
| Reaction Rate | |
| Subcritical Mass | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis nrog lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv qhov muaj subcritical pawg. |
| Critical Mass | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis nrog lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv qhov muaj qhov tseem ceeb. |
| Supercritical Mass | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis nrog lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm supercritical mass. |
Summary – Subcritical Critical vs Supercritical Mass
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear fission tuaj yeem pib ntau qhov kev sib cais tom qab uas ua rau tsim cov fission chain reactions. Raws li qhov loj ntawm qhov xav tau rau kev nce qib thiab txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, muaj peb hom pawg hu ua subcritical mass, tseem ceeb loj, thiab supercritical mass. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm subcritical tseem ceeb thiab supercritical huab hwm coj yog qhov subcritical huab hwm coj yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom fissile uas tsis txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear thaum cov huab hwm coj tseem ceeb yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv fissile uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau kev txhawb nqa nuclear cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab supercritical loj. ntawm cov khoom fissile yog qhov loj uas ntau tshaj qhov txaus los txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nuclear.
