Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Capsid vs Lub hnab ntawv
Virus (tseem hu ua virion) yog ib qho kab mob kis tau los ntawm nucleic acid molecule npog nrog cov protein capsid. Cov kab mob qhia kev ua neej thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis muaj sia nyob. Ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob yog kab mob genome thiab lub tsho tiv thaiv protein. Tus kab mob genome yog ntim rau hauv cov protein capsid. Hauv qee cov kab mob, cov protein capsid yog ib puag ncig los ntawm lwm lub hau hu ua lub hnab ntawv. Lub hnab ntawv yog tsim los ntawm cov lipid bilayer uas muaj cov kab mob sib kis uas pab tus kab mob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau cov cell. Protein capsid thiab lub hnab ntawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kis tus kab mob, suav nrog cov kab mob txuas mus rau tus tswv ntawm tes, nkag mus rau hauv cell, tso tawm cov proteins ntawm capsid, sib dhos, thiab ntim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab, hloov pauv cov kab mob caj ces los ntawm ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes. mus rau lwm tus, thiab lwm yam. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm capsid thiab lub hnab ntawv yog tias capsid yog lub tsho tiv no ntawm cov proteins thaum lub hnab ntawv yog ib daim nyias nyias ua los ntawm lipids. Tag nrho cov kab mob virion muaj lub capsid thaum tsuas yog cov kab mob hauv hnab ntawv muaj lub hnab ntawv.
Capsid yog dab tsi?
Kab mob yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab me tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob uas pom hauv ntiaj teb. Cov kab mob muaj cov khoom siv caj ces (DNA lossis RNA) nyob rau hauv lub tsho tiv thaiv protein hu ua capsid. Yog li, kab mob capsid tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog lub plhaub protein uas nyob ib puag ncig lub genome ntawm tus kab mob. Capsid feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov proteins. Nws muaj ob peb oligomeric structural subunits ntawm proteins hu ua protomers. Ntau tus protomers (5 mus rau 6) sib sau ua ke ua cov protein subunits ntawm cov protein capsid. Cov protein subunits no hu ua capsomeres. Capsomeres tau teeb tsa hauv cov qauv meej thiab rov ua dua nyob ib puag ncig nucleic acid. Cov capsomeres no yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws morphological units ntawm capsids uas tsuas yog pom nyob rau hauv electron microscope. Ib qho virion muaj ntau tus capsomeres.
Protein capsid tuaj yeem npaj rau hauv cov duab sib txawv. Peb cov duab yooj yim raug txheeb xyuas raws li helical, icosahedral lossis polyhedral thiab txoj kev npaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob muaj helical lossis icosahedral capsid cov qauv. Qee cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob kis kab mob (bacteriophages), muaj cov kab mob capsid nyuaj. Hauv cov kab mob helical, capsomeres tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub genome. Hauv cov kab mob icosahedral, capsomeres tau teeb tsa hauv 20 lub ntsej muag sib npaug sib npaug.
Daim duab 01: Viral Capsid
Protein capsid ua haujlwm ntau yam. Nws tiv thaiv cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm virion particle. Nws pab hloov cov kab mob sib kis ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Cov spikes nyob rau ntawm tus kab mob capsid pab ob qho tib si tshwj xeeb thiab kis kab mob. Spikes yog glycoprotein protrusions uas khi nrog qee cov receptors ntawm tus tswv tsev cell.
Lub hnab ntawv yog dab tsi?
Qee cov kab mob nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm ib qho ntxiv lipid ob txheej txheej membrane. Cov lipid membrane no hu ua lub hnab ntawv viral. Nws muaj phospholipids thiab proteins thiab nyob ib puag ncig tus kab mob capsid. Nws yog tsuas yog muab los ntawm cov tswv tsev cell membranes. Cov kab mob kis tau lub hnab ntawv no thaum kis tus kab mob sib kis thiab tso tawm. Viral proteins nyob rau hauv lub hnab ntawv pab tus kab mob los khi rau tus tswv tsev cell receptors. Viral hnab ntawv plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kis tus kabmob nrog rau kev lees paub tus tswv thiab nkag. Nws pab tus kab mob rau kev sib txuas, hloov cov khoom siv caj ces mus rau hauv lub cell thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov hlwb thiab lwm yam. Lub hnab ntawv viral kuj tseem koom nrog hauv kev txiav txim siab tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob xws li tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev tsis ua haujlwm.
Daim duab 02: Viral Envelope
Raws li qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj lub hnab ntawv, cov kab mob tau muab faib ua ob pawg hu ua cov kab mob hauv lub hnab thiab cov kab mob uas tsis yog lub hnab ntawv (cov kab mob liab qab). Cov kab mob liab qab tsis muaj lub hnab ntawv nyob ib puag ncig lub nucleocapsid. Muab piv rau cov kab mob hauv lub hnab, cov kab mob liab qab yog qhov ruaj khov dua thiab tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob ntev hauv ib puag ncig.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Capsid thiab lub hnab ntawv?
- Capsid thiab hnab ntawv koom nrog kev kis tus kabmob.
- Ob leeg muaj cov proteins.
- Ob leeg yog cov npog tiv thaiv.
Qhov txawv ntawm Capsid thiab hnab ntawv yog dab tsi?
Capsid vs Envelope |
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| Capsid yog lub plhaub protein nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm tus kabmob. | Lub hnab ntawv yog cov qauv sab nrauv uas kaw cov nucleocapids ntawm qee tus kabmob. |
| Capsid yog tsim los ntawm cov protein. | Lub hnab ntawv yog tsim los ntawm phospholipids thiab proteins. |
| Capsid npog cov kab mob genome. | Lub hnab ntawv npog cov nucleocapsid (viral genome + capsid). |
| Tuaj | |
| Capsid muaj nyob hauv txhua tus kab mob. | Lub hnab ntawv tsuas muaj nyob hauv qee tus kab mob xwb. |
Summary – Lub hnab ntawv vs Capsid
Lub hnab ntawv thiab capsid yog ob qhov qauv hauv cov kab mob. Capsid yog lub plhaub protein uas nyob ib puag ncig cov kab mob genome. Lub hnab ntawv yog cov lipid membrane kis tau los ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm cov cell cell. Nws npog cov nucleocapsid. Lub hnab ntawv yog tsim los ntawm phospholipids thiab proteins. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm capsid thiab hnab ntawv. Capsids thiab hnab ntawv ua ke txiav txim siab txoj kev kis tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv thiab tawm ntawm cov tswv tsev. Ob lub qauv kuj txiav txim siab qhov ruaj khov thiab tiv thaiv tus kab mob.
Download PDF Version of Envelope vs Capsid
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Capsid thiab Lub Hnab.
