Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Pathways in Blood Clotting
ntshav txhaws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsis txhob los ntshav. Nws yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj zog ua ke hu ua coagulation cascade. Coagulation cascade muaj ob txoj hauv kev hu ua intrinsic thiab extrinsic pathway. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hauv kev sab hauv thiab sab nrauv hauv cov ntshav txhaws yog lawv qhov kev pib ua haujlwm. Txoj hauv kev hauv lub cev pib thaum muaj kev raug mob hauv cov ntshav lossis thaum cov ntshav raug rau collagen. Txoj kev extrinsic pib thaum muaj vascular cov ntaub so ntswg raug mob los yog raug mob ib puag ncig cov ntaub so ntswg.
Dab tsi yog ntshav txhaws?
Ib cov ntshav txhaws muaj fibrin, platelets thiab cov qe ntshav. Kev tsim cov ntshav khov khov kho tau yooj yim los ntawm ib qho enzyme hu ua thrombin. Thrombin enzyme catalyzes polymerization ntawm insoluble fibrin los ntawm fibrinogen. Thrombin yog tsim los ntawm prothrombin. Kev hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin mus rau thrombin yog ua los ntawm prothrombin activator lossis qhov X. Prothrombin activator yog qhib los ntawm ob txoj kev ntshav txhaws: txoj hauv kev thiab sab hauv. Intrinsic thiab extrinsic txoj hauv kev hauv ntshav txhaws pib thiab nce mus rau kev ua kom prothrombin activator thaum muaj kev raug mob hauv cov hlab ntsha. Raws li tau hais los saum toj no qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj hauv kev hauv nruab nrog cev thiab sab nraud hauv cov ntshav txhaws yog lawv qhov pib tshwm sim.
Daim duab 01: Coagulation Cascade
Daim duab saum toj no yuav pab koj nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav txhaws thiab ob txoj hauv kev kom meej meej. Kev ua kom cov coagulation cascade tshuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov prothrombin activator. Ntshav coagulation feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab hauv.
Dab tsi yog Txoj Kev Intrinsic hauv ntshav txhaws?
Txoj kev Intrinsic yog ib hom ntshav txhaws txoj hauv kev uas tau qhib los ntawm kev raug mob hauv cov ntshav lossis thaum cov ntshav raug rau subendothelial collagen. Cheebtsam uas yuav tsum tau rau txoj kev intrinsic yog tag nrho nyob rau hauv cov ntshav los yog vasculature. Li no cov txheej txheem no hu ua 'intrinsic pathway.'
Txoj hauv kev nkag siab pib nrog cov ntshav raug mob thiab suav nrog yam XII, XI, IX thiab VIII. Thaum qhov xwm txheej XII tiv tauj nrog cov collagen pom, nws ua kom muaj zog thiab ua kom lub zog ntawm XI. Activated factor XI ces qhib qhov factor IX. Activated factor IX, nyob rau hauv lem, activates yam VIII. Activated Factor IX, VIII, thiab platelet phospholipids ua ke ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig X lossis prothrombin activator. Txoj hauv kev nkag mus rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev ntawm cov ntshav coagulation tom qab ua kom prothrombin activator. Thaum prothrombin activator tau qhib, nws pab txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin rau hauv thrombin. Thrombin catalyzes lub polymerization ntawm fibrinogen rau hauv fibrin, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Txoj hauv kev ntawm cov ntshav txhaws yog cov txheej txheem qeeb uas ua tiav hauv ob peb feeb. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov kab mob.
Daim duab 02: Txoj hauv kev thiab sab hauv ntawm cov ntshav txhaws
Dab tsi yog Extrinsic Pathway in Blood Clotting?
Txoj kev Extrinsic yog lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm cov ntshav coagulation. Qhov no system yog qhib los ntawm vascular cov ntaub so ntswg raug mob los yog ib puag ncig cov ntaub so ntswg extravascular raug mob. Cov xwm txheej sab nraud no tso tawm ib qho nyuaj ntawm ntau yam uas tau sau ua ke hu ua cov ntaub so ntswg lossis cov ntaub so ntswg thromboplastin lossis yam III. Cov ntaub so ntswg yog ib qho protein ntau pom nyob rau hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev, nrog rau lub hlwb, lub ntsws, thiab placenta. Cov ntaub so ntswg yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas ua rau txoj hauv kev ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Raws li ib txwm muaj, ntshav tsis raug tiv tauj lossis raug rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Tab sis thaum muaj kev raug mob, cov ntaub so ntswg nthuav tawm rau cov ntshav thiab ua kom muaj qhov VII ua rau VIIa. Factor VIIa activates factor IX rau hauv IXa. Factor IXa activates factor X rau hauv factor Xa. Factor Xa yog prothrombin activator uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin rau hauv thrombin. Thaum prothrombin activator raug tsim, txoj hauv kev pib pib thiab cov ntshav coagulation pib. Extrinsic txoj kev yog nrawm dua li txoj kev sab hauv. Hauv li 15 vib nas this, nws ua tiav cov ntshav coagulation.
Daim duab 03: Extrinsic Pathway of Blood Coagulation
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Intrinsic thiab Extrinsic Pathways hauv ntshav txhaws?
- Txoj hauv kev thiab sab hauv yog ob txoj hauv kev ntawm cov ntshav coagulation.
- Ob txoj hauv kev txuas mus rau kev tsim cov prothrombin activator lossis qhov xwm X.
- Ob txoj hauv kev xaus rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm txoj hauv kev thiab sab hauv ntawm cov ntshav txhaws?
Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Pathways in Blood Clotting |
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| Txoj hauv kev nkag siab yog ib hom ntshav coagulation txoj kev uas tau qhib thaum muaj ntshav raug mob. | Txoj kev Extrinsic yog ib hom ntshav coagulation txoj kev uas tau qhib thaum lub phab ntsa vascular raug mob lossis cov ntaub so ntswg ntxiv tuaj rau hauv cov ntshav. |
| Efficiency | |
| Txoj kev nkag mus qeeb. | Extrinsic Pathway is explosive. |
| Txoj hauv kev nkag siab yuav siv sijhawm li 1 mus rau 6 feeb los tsim cov hlab ntshav. | Txoj kev Extrinsic yuav siv li 15 vib nas this tom qab cov ntaub so ntswg tso tawm. |
| Txoj hauv kev nkag mus pib nrog kev raug mob rau cov qe ntshav lossis raug cov ntshav mus rau collagen. | Txoj kev Extrinsic pib nrog cov ntaub so ntswg raug mob lossis cov ntaub so ntswg ua kom muaj zog. |
| Kev Ua Haujlwm Ntawm Qhov Tseem Ceeb | |
| Thaum cov ntshav raug collagen, nws ua kom muaj qhov XII. | Thaum cov ntaub so ntswg tau qhib, nws qhib qhov khoom VII. |
| Keeb Kwm Ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem | |
| Txoj hauv kev nkag siab xav tau yam muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav nws tus kheej. | Txoj kev Extrinsic xav tau yam los ntawm sab nraud cov ntshav. |
Summary – Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Pathways in Blood Clotting
ntshav coagulation yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws kom tsis txhob los ntshav. Cov ntshav txhaws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm fibrin thiab platelets. Kev tsim cov fibrin yog catalyzed los ntawm enzyme hu ua thrombin. Kev tsim thrombin yog yooj yim los ntawm prothrombin activator ua los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev hu ua intrinsic thiab extrinsic pathways. Ob txoj hauv kev sab hauv thiab sab nrauv ua kom prothrombin activator los ua kom cov kev hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin rau hauv thrombin. Qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj hauv kev sab hauv thiab sab nrauv hauv cov ntshav txhaws yog nyob ntawm lawv qhov pib; Txoj kev extrinsic yog pib tom qab tso tawm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg rau cov ntshav vim muaj kev raug mob rau ntawm phab ntsa vascular lossis cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig thaum txoj kev nkag mus yog pib thaum collagen tiv nrog cov ntshav vim ntshav raug mob.
Download PDF Version of Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Pathways in Blood Clotting
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm Intrinsic thiab Extrinsic Pathways hauv ntshav txhaws.
Image Courtesy:
1. "Classical blood coagulation pathway" Los ntawm Dr Graham Beards - Tus kheej ua haujlwm (CC BY-SA 3.0) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
2. "Coagulation hauv vivo" Los ntawm Dr Graham Beards - Tus kheej ua haujlwm (CC BY-SA 3.0) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
