Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - SMPS vs Linear Power Supply
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob feem ntau xav tau DC voltage txhawm rau ua haujlwm. Cov khoom siv no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke, yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, cuam tshuam-tsawg DC voltage rau lawv ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj teeb meem lossis hlawv. Lub hom phiaj ntawm DC fais fab mov yog muab cov hluav taws xob huv DC rau cov khoom siv no. DC cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua hom kab thiab hloov pauv, uas yog cov txheej txheem koom nrog ua AC mains mov rau hauv DC du. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob ncaj qha mus rau theem qis ntawm AC lub zog hluav taws xob mus rau qib uas xav tau thaum SMPS hloov AC rau DC siv lub tshuab hloov pauv uas pab kom tau txais qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov xav tau qib voltage. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm SMPS thiab linear fais fab mov.
Dab tsi yog Linear Power Supply?
Hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawm, lub zog hluav taws xob AC hloov mus rau qhov hluav taws xob qis ncaj qha los ntawm kauj ruam-down transformer. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob no yuav tsum tswj lub zog loj vim nws ua haujlwm ntawm AC lub zog zaus 50/60Hz. Yog li ntawd, qhov no transformer yog loj thiab loj, ua rau lub hwj chim mov hnyav thiab loj.
Stepped-down voltage yog ces kho thiab lim kom tau DC voltage xav tau rau cov zis. Txij li thaum qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qib no yog qhov sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev tswj hluav taws xob tau ua ua ntej tso tawm. Lub voltage regulator nyob rau hauv ib tug linear fais fab mov yog ib tug linear regulator, uas feem ntau yog ib tug semiconductor ntaus ntawv uas ua raws li ib tug kuj sib txawv resistor. Cov zis kuj muaj nuj nqis hloov nrog cov zis hluav taws xob xav tau, ua rau cov zis voltage tas li. Yog li, lub voltage regulator ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug lub zog dissipating ntaus ntawv. Feem ntau, nws dissipates lub zog ntau dhau los ua kom qhov voltage tas li. Yog li ntawd, qhov voltage regulator yuav tsum muaj cov dab dej kub loj. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob linear ua hnyav dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub hwj chim dissipation los ntawm lub voltage regulator raws li cua sov, qhov efficiency ntawm ib tug linear fais fab mov poob ntau npaum li ntawm 60%.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob linear tsis tsim hluav taws xob nrov ntawm cov zis hluav taws xob. Nws muab kev sib cais ntawm cov zis thiab cov tswv yim vim yog lub transformer. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob linear yog siv rau cov ntawv thov ntau zaus xws li cov khoom siv hauv xov tooj cua, cov ntawv thov suab, kev kuaj sim uas yuav tsum tau muaj suab nrov tsis muaj suab nrov, ua cov teeb liab, thiab amplifiers.
Daim duab 01: Fais fab mov nrog Linear Voltage Regulator
SMPS yog dab tsi?
SMPS (hloov-hom fais fab mov) ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv. Thaum xub thawj, AC input yog hloov mus rau DC voltage los ntawm lub rectifier, tsis txo qhov voltage, tsis zoo li nyob rau hauv ib tug linear fais fab mov. Tom qab ntawd lub DC voltage dhau qhov kev hloov pauv ntau zaus, feem ntau yog los ntawm MOSFET transistor. Ntawd yog, qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm MOSFET yog qhib thiab tawm los ntawm MOSFET Gate teeb liab, feem ntau yog mem tes-dav-modulated teeb liab txog 50 kHz (chopper / inverter thaiv). Tom qab qhov kev txiav no, lub waveform dhau los ua lub teeb liab-DC. Tom qab ntawd, ib kauj ruam-down transformer yog siv los txo qhov voltage ntawm high-frequency pulsated DC teeb liab mus rau qib uas xav tau. Thaum kawg, cov zis rectifier thiab lub lim tau siv los ua kom rov qab cov zis DC voltage.
Daim duab 02: Thaiv Daim duab ntawm ib qho SMPS
Cov kev cai voltage hauv SMPS yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim Circuit Court uas saib xyuas cov zis voltage. Yog hais tias lub zog yuav tsum tau ntawm lub load yog siab, qhov tso zis voltage nyhav nce. Qhov kev nce ntxiv no raug kuaj pom los ntawm cov tswj xyuas cov lus pom hauv Circuit Court thiab yog siv los tswj qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm PWM teeb liab. Yog li, qhov nruab nrab lub teeb liab voltage hloov. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov tso zis voltage yog tswj kom tas li.
Cov kauj ruam-down transformer siv nyob rau hauv SMPS ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab zaus; Yog li, qhov ntim thiab qhov hnyav ntawm transformer yog tsawg dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob linear. Qhov no dhau los ua qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau SMPS kom me me thiab sib zog dua li nws cov kab sib txuas. Ntxiv mus, cov kev cai voltage yog ua tsis tau dissipating ntau zog li Ohmic-poob los yog kub. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm SMPS tau txais siab li 85-90%.
Tib lub sijhawm, SMPS tsim cov suab nrov nrov vim kev hloov pauv ntawm MOSFET. Cov suab nrov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam hauv qhov tso zis voltage; Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee cov qauv siab thiab kim, cov suab nrov no tau txo qis rau qee qhov. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv tsim hluav taws xob thiab xov tooj cua cuam tshuam ib yam. Li no, nws yuav tsum tau siv RF shielding thiab EMI lim hauv SMPSs. Yog li ntawd, SMPS tsis haum rau kev siv suab thiab xov tooj cua zaus. Cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj suab nrov xws li lub xov tooj ntawm tes chargers, DC motors, kev siv hluav taws xob siab, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem siv nrog SMPSs. Nws yog qhov sib dua thiab tsim me me ua rau nws yooj yim los siv ua cov khoom siv nqa tau zoo.
Qhov txawv ntawm SMPS thiab Linear Power Supply yog dab tsi?
SMPS vs Linear Power Supply |
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| SMPS ncaj qha kho lub ntsiab AC yam tsis txo qhov voltage. Tom qab ntawd lub DC hloov dua siab tshiab yog hloov nyob rau hauv high-frequency rau ib tug me me transformer kom txo tau nws mus rau lub siab voltage theem. Thaum kawg, lub high-frequency AC teeb liab yog rectified rau DC tso zis voltage. | Linear fais fab mov txo qhov voltage rau tus nqi xav tau thaum pib los ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv loj dua. Tom qab ntawd, AC tau kho thiab lim kom cov zis DC voltage. |
| Voltage Regulation | |
| Voltage regulation yog ua los ntawm kev tswj qhov hloov zaus. Cov zis hluav taws xob tau saib xyuas los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim Circuit Court thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob yog siv rau kev tswj zaus. | Qhov kho thiab lim DC qhov hluav taws xob yog raug rau qhov tso tawm tsis kam ntawm qhov hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob los ua qhov tso zis hluav taws xob. Qhov kev tiv thaiv no yog tswj tau los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim Circuit Court uas saib xyuas cov zis voltage variation. |
| Efficiency | |
| Lub tshav kub hauv SMPS yog qhov sib piv qis vim tias qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw txiav tawm thiab tshaib plab. Qhov loj me me ntawm cov zis transformer kuj ua rau lub tshav kub poob me me. Yog li, qhov ua tau zoo dua (85-90%). | Lub hwj chim ntau dhau yog dissipated li cua sov kom qhov voltage tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv ib tug linear fais fab mov. Ntxiv mus, lub input transformer yog ntau bulkier; Yog li, transformer poob siab dua. Yog li, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob linear yog tsawg li 60%. |
| Transformer qhov loj me ntawm SMPS tsis tas yuav loj vim nws ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv high-frequency. Yog li ntawd, qhov hnyav ntawm transformer kuj yuav tsawg dua. Yog li ntawd, qhov loj me, nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm SMPS yog qis dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawm. | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawm muaj ntau qhov ntau dua vim tias qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv yuav tsum loj vim qhov tsawg zaus nws ua haujlwm. Raws li cov cua kub ntau yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug voltage regulator, cua sov dab dej yuav tsum tau siv ib yam nkaus. |
| Noise thiab Voltage Distortions | |
| SMPS tsim lub suab nrov nrov vim hloov pauv. Qhov no dhau mus rau qhov tso zis hluav taws xob, nrog rau cov tswv yim tseem ceeb qee zaum. Harmonic distortion nyob rau hauv mains hwj chim kuj tseem ua tau nyob rau hauv SMPSs. | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawm tsis ua suab nrov hauv cov zis hluav taws xob. Harmonic distortion tsawg dua li ntawm SMPSs. |
| Applications | |
| SMPS tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv nqa tau vim yog qhov tsim me me. Tab sis raws li nws tsim lub suab nrov nrov, SMPSs tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntawv thov suab nrov xws li RF thiab cov ntawv thov suab. | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawm muaj ntau dua thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom siv nqa tau. Txij li thaum lawv tsis ua suab nrov thiab cov zis hluav taws xob kuj huv si, lawv tau siv rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hauv cov chaw sim. |
Summary – SMPS vs Linear Power Supply
SMPS thiab Linear cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog ob hom khoom siv hluav taws xob DC siv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm SMPS thiab linear fais fab mov yog cov topologies siv rau kev tswj qhov hluav taws xob thiab qhov hluav taws xob poob qis. Thaum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv AC mus rau qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob thaum pib, SMPS thawj zaug kho thiab lim lub ntsiab AC thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau AC high-frequency ua ntej nqis. Txij li thaum lub transformer hnyav thiab loj nce raws li kev khiav hauj lwm zaus txo, cov linear fais fab mov 'input transformer yog hnyav thiab loj dua tsis zoo li nyob rau hauv SMPS. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li kev tswj hwm qhov hluav taws xob tau ua tiav nrog cov cua sov dissipation los ntawm kev tiv thaiv, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob linear yuav tsum muaj cov dab dej kub uas ua rau lawv hnyav dua. Lub regulator ntawm SMPSs tswj qhov hloov zaus los tswj cov zis voltage. Yog li, SMPS yog qhov me me thiab sib dua hauv qhov hnyav. Raws li cov cua sov tsim hauv SMPS qis dua, lawv cov kev ua tau zoo kuj siab dua.
Download PDF Version ntawm SMPS vs Linear Power Supply
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm SMPS thiab Linear Fais Fab Supply.
