Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - cAMP vs cGMP
Tus xa xov thib ob yog cov molecules uas tau txais thiab dhau lub cim los ntawm receptors rau lub hom phiaj molecules hauv lub cell. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) thiab cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) yog cov tub txib thib ob hauv lub hlwb. Lawv koom nrog ntau haiv neeg cov lus teb tshwm sim hauv lub hlwb. Ob lub molecules no yog cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub teeb liab transduction txoj kev uas yuav ua rau kom lub zog ntawm lub teeb liab thiab hloov mus rau lub hom phiaj hlwb. Thaum tau txais ib lub teeb liab los ntawm cov receptors, qhov concentration ntawm cov molecules nyob rau hauv lub cell nce thiab ua rau kev hloov ntawm ib los yog ntau tshaj enzymes nyob rau hauv lub cell. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cAMP thiab cGMP yog tias cAMP yog tsim los ntawm ATP los ntawm adenylyl cyclase thiab cAMP synthesis yog txhawb los ntawm kev ua kom G proteins hauv cell membrane thaum cGMP yog synthesized los ntawm GTP los ntawm guanylyl cyclase thiab yog qhib los ntawm nitric oxides.
cAMP yog dab tsi?
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) yog tus xa xov thib ob uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau cov txheej txheem lom neeg tshwm sim hauv cov hlwb. Nws yog cyclic nucleotide muab los ntawm ATP. Nws yog hydrophilic hauv qhov xwm txheej. cAMP yog siv rau intracellular teeb liab transduction nyob rau hauv ntau yam kab mob. cAMP synthesis yog catalyzed los ntawm enzyme hu ua adenylyl cyclase nyob rau hauv lub cell membrane. cAMP mediates txoj kev taw qhia uas yog txuas nrog G proteins hauv cell membrane. Thaum ib qho kev taw qhia molecule khi rau cov receptors ntawm G protein, nws activates thiab induces adenylyl cyclase enzyme. Tom qab ntawd cov enzyme hloov ATP rau hauv cAMP nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Mg2+ ions. cAMP kho cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob los ntawm kev ua tus xa xov thib ob ntawm G protein thiab lub hom phiaj molecule.cAMP muaj peev xwm ua kom lub zog ntawm lub teeb liab thiab ua kom muaj protein ntau kinase A enzymes hauv lub cell. Txoj kev cAMP-nyob ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau yam kab mob nyob thiab ntau cov txheej txheem ntawm tes. Nws tseem hu ua G protein-coupled receptor-triggered signaling cascade. Tom qab lub teeb liab kis tau tus mob, qhov kev tshem tawm los yog degradation ntawm cAMP tshwm sim vim nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Feem ntau cAMP hloov mus rau hauv 5′ AMP los ntawm phosphodiesterases hauv cell.
Daim duab 01: cAMP ua tus xa xov thib ob
cGMP yog dab tsi?
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) yog lwm hom ntawm tus xa xov thib ob pom nyob rau hauv xov tooj ntawm tes taw qhia txoj hauv kev. Nws yog hydrophilic molecule muab los ntawm GTP. cGMP synthesis yog catalyzed los ntawm enzyme hu ua guanylyl cyclase nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. cGMP ua raws li tus xa xov thib ob hauv kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes feem ntau los ntawm kev ua kom muaj cov protein kinases. Hauv kev teb rau lub teeb liab (nitric oxide lossis membrane impermeable peptide hormone) guanylyl cyclase converts GTP rau hauv cGMP kom qhib cov protein kinases. Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua cGMP-dependent pathway thiab nws tsis zoo ib yam li cAMP-dependent txoj hauv hlwb rau cov teeb liab kis. cGMP hloov rov qab rau hauv GTP los ntawm phosphodiesterase enzymes thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub cev.
Daim duab 02: cGMP hauv kev teeb tsa kev hloov pauv
Qhov txawv ntawm cAMP thiab cGMP yog dab tsi?
cAMP vs cGMP |
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| cAMP yog tsim los ntawm ATP. | cGMP yog tsim los ntawm GTP. |
| Enzyme uas Catalyses the Synthesis | |
| Synthesis yog catalyzed los ntawm adenylyl cyclase. | Synthesis yog catalyzed los ntawm guanylyl cyclase. |
| Presence in Cells | |
| Qhov no qhia tau hais tias muaj ntau dua hauv cov ntaub so ntswg piv rau cGMP | Qhov no qhia tau hais tias qis dua hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. |
Summary – cAMP vs cGMP
cAMP thiab cGMP yog hydrophilic cyclic nucleotides tseem ceeb hauv hlwb ua tus xa xov thib ob hauv kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes. Cov molecules no tau txais thiab dhau cov teeb liab los ntawm receptors rau lub hom phiaj molecules hauv lub cell. cAMP thiab cGMP yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub hlwb thiab koom nrog ntau cov lus teb lom neeg tshwm sim hauv lub hlwb. Ob leeg muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov haujlwm ntawm cov neurons, tswj cov txheej txheem metabolic, pab txhawb cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab hluav taws xob teeb liab cascades, thiab lwm yam. Lawv kuj muaj peev xwm ua kom cov ion channel thiab ntau cov protein kinases. Qhov txawv ntawm cAMP thiab cGMP yog tias cAMP yog ib qho derivative ntawm ATP thaum lub cGMP yog ib tug derivative ntawm GTP.
