Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Direct vs Indirect Coombs Test
Coombs kuaj yog ib hom kev kuaj ntshav siv los kuaj mob ntshav qab zib. Nws kuaj pom muaj qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab hauv cov ntshav, ua rau cov qe ntshav liab tsawg. Yog li ntawd, muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qhia tias muaj cov ntshav liab tawm tsam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev mob ntshav qab zib. Ob hom kev kuaj Coombs muaj los kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Lawv yog cov kev xeem ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj rau Coombs. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ncaj qha Coombs yog ua tiav ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qe ntshav liab txhawm rau kuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas twb txuas rau cov qe ntshav liab. Kev kuaj tsis ncaj Coombs yog ua rau cov kua dej ntawm cov ntshav (cov ntshav) txhawm rau kuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj nyob hauv cov hlab ntshav thiab tuaj yeem khi rau qee cov qe ntshav liab uas tuaj yeem ua teeb meem thaum hloov ntshav. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj nraim.
Direct Coombs Test yog dab tsi?
Qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm ua kom cov neeg cov ntshav liab ua kom puas, ua rau cov qe ntshav liab qis hauv cov ntshav. Coombs kuaj yog ib qho kev kuaj immunological uas tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas cov antiglobulins, feem ntau yog IgG alloantibodies, IgG autoantibodies lossis ntxiv cov khoom muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav. Kev xeem Coombs ua raws li ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb, uas yog kev xeem ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj. Direct coombs test yog ua los xyuas cov antiglobulins txuas rau saum npoo ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Nws yog ib qho kev sim yooj yim uas muab cov txiaj ntsig ceev. Ib qho ntshav coj los ntawm tus neeg mob thiab kho nrog coombs serum (antihuman globulins). Antihuman globulins pab txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab ua rau agglutination ntawm cov hlwb. Agglutination ntawm cov ntshav qhia tau zoo rau kev kuaj coombs. Nws qhia pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txuas rau cov qe ntshav liab nto antigens.
Dab tsi yog Indirect Coombs Test?
Indirect Coombs kuaj kuaj pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antiglobulin hauv cov ntshav plasma (serum) uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov ntshav liab agglutination thiab lysis. Qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem qhia pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis muaj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tam sim no hauv cov ntshav ua ntej muab ntshav los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntshav hloov thiab hauv kev npaj cov ntshav rau kev hloov ntshav.
Indirect Coombs test yog ua raws li hauv qab no ua ntej muab ntshav.
- Serum yog tau los ntawm cov ntshav coj los ntawm tus neeg txais.
- Serum yog incubated nrog cov neeg pub ntshav kuaj.
- Antihuman globulins (coombs reagent) ntxiv rau cov qauv.
- Agglutination ntawm cov ntshav yog pom.
Yog tias tus neeg txais cov ntshav muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, lawv khi rau cov antigens uas muaj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov qe ntshav liab ntawm tus neeg pub dawb thiab tsim cov tshuaj antigen-antibody complexes. Yog tias agglutination tshwm sim thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coombs ntxiv rau cov qauv, qhov kev ntsuas tsis ncaj ntawm Coombs yog qhov zoo. Nws qhia txog qhov muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev pib hemolysis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.
Daim duab 01: Kev Xeem Ncaj Ncees thiab Kev Ncaj Ncees
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Direct thiab Indirect Coombs Test?
Direct vs Indirect Coombs Test |
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| Direct coombs test kuaj pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txuas rau saum npoo ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. | Kev ntsuas qhov tsis ncaj nraim hauv kev kuaj pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav uas tsis raug khi rau cov qe ntshav liab. |
| hom no ntau dua. | Indirect Coombs xeem tsis tshua muaj. |
| Ib qho tseem ceeb | |
| Direct coombs test yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob autoimmune hemolytic anemia. | Kev kuaj ntshav tsis ncaj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj ua ntej yug menyuam rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ua ntej hloov ntshav. |
| Ntseeg hauv viv o lossis hauv vitro | |
| Direct coombs test tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv vivo antigen-antibody kev sib cuam tshuam. | Kev ntsuas tsis ncaj nraim tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv vitro antigen-antibody cuam tshuam |
Summary – Direct vs Indirect Coombs Test
Coombs kuaj yog ib qho cuab yeej tiv thaiv kab mob uas txheeb xyuas qhov autoimmune hemolysis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab vim muaj cov tshuaj antiglobulins hauv cov ntshav. Coombs kuaj kuj tseem hu ua agglutination test vim qhov kev soj ntsuam zaum kawg yog kev sib txuam ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Muaj ob hom kev xeem coombs: ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj. Direct coombs test yog preformed los kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj antiglobulins txuas rau ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab lawv cov kev cuam tshuam hauv vivo. Indirect coombs test yog ua los xyuas kom muaj cov tshuaj antiglobulins hauv cov ntshav hauv lub xeev tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lawv cov kev cuam tshuam hauv vitro nrog Coombs 'antihuman globulins. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov ncaj thiab tsis ncaj Coombs xeem.
