Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Cov Cai Cuam Tshuam vs Codon
DNA, cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm txhua yam kabmob, nqa cov ntaub ntawv caj ces hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov noob. Lawv tau encoded nrog tag nrho cov lus qhia uas tsim nyog los ua cov protein. Cov noob tau hloov mus rau hauv mRNA ib ntus thiab tom qab ntawd muab txhais ua cov amino acid sequences uas ua rau cov protein. Muaj qhov tseeb nucleotide ib ntus hauv cov noob. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txiav txim kom raug ntawm cov amino acids ntawm cov protein kom ua ke. Genetic code thiab codon yog cov lus tseem ceeb siv hauv kev qhia gene. Muaj plaub hom hauv paus hauv DNA. Cov kab mob caj ces yog qhov tseeb nucleotide los yog lub hauv paus ua ntu zus ntawm DNA ntawm cov noob uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua mRNA uas ua rau cov protein. Thaum cov txheej txheem caj ces tau muab faib ua pawg ntawm peb lub hauv paus (triplelets), ib pawg hauv paus tuaj yeem raug hu ua codon uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov amino acid tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genetic code thiab codon.
Yeeb ncuab Code yog dab tsi?
Cov kab mob caj ces ntawm cov noob yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov amino acid kom raug ntawm cov protein. Yog li, txoj cai caj ces tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog lub hauv paus meej ntawm cov noob uas ua rau muaj qhov tseeb codon, txiav txim siab qhov tseeb amino acid ib ntus ntawm cov protein. Cov txheej txheem caj ces ntawm qhov kev nkag siab ntawm cov noob yog xa mus rau hauv mRNA strand los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua transcription. Tom qab ntawd, mRNA strand tsim cov txheej txheem tsim nyog los ua cov txheej txheem codon uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov amino acid sequence ntawm cov protein. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ib lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv genetic code yog txaus los ua rau ib tug tsis raug amino acid ib theem zuj zus ua rau ib tug tsis ncaj ncees lawm protein ntau lawm.
Cov kab mob caj ces ntawm cov noob txiav txim siab cov amino acid ib ntus ntawm cov protein kom ua ke. Cov kab mob caj ces yog qhov tseeb zais hauv DNA hauv daim ntawv ntawm peb pawg hauv paus hu ua codons. Cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov nucleotides hauv cov caj ces txiav txim siab qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov amino acid ib ntus.
Yam ntxwv ntawm Genetic code
- Nws yog ua los ntawm triplets hu ua codons.
- Nws yog degenerative.
- Tus lej tsis sib tshooj.
- Tus lej tsis sib xws.
- Tus lej tsis meej.
- Tus lej yog universal.
- Muaj kev pib thiab txiav tawm codons.
Daim duab 01: Genetic Code
Codon yog dab tsi?
Ib codon yog peb pawg hauv paus uas qhia txog cov amino acid ntawm polypeptide. Li no, txhua peb lub hauv paus ntawm kev nkag siab DNA strand lossis mRNA strand tuaj yeem suav tias yog codons. Muaj plaub lub hauv paus hauv nucleic acids. Yog li, plaub lub hauv paus no tuaj yeem tsim tau tag nrho ntawm 64 qhov sib txawv triplets uas ua rau tag nrho ntawm 64 codons. Peb codons tsis yog coded rau amino acids; lawv hu ua nres codons. Lwm 61 codons ua cov amino acids sib txawv. Muaj 20 qhov sib txawv amino acids hauv cov proteins. Yog li ntawd, txhua tus amino acid tuaj yeem raug coded los ntawm ntau tshaj ib codon. Piv txwv li, amino acid serine coded los ntawm 6 codons xws li UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU, thiab AGC.
Ib codon muaj qhov kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb ntawm peb lub hauv paus. Yog li ntawd, codons tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau yooj yim thiab cov amino acids uas lawv tshwm sim tuaj yeem txiav txim siab. Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov kab ke codon, nws yooj yim los tsim cov amino acid sib lawv liag ntawm cov protein. Codons tau nyeem rau hauv cov amino acids los ntawm ribosomes ntawm cov hlwb.
Daim duab 02: Codons ntawm Amino Acids
Qhov txawv ntawm Genetic Code thiab Codon yog dab tsi?
Genetic Code vs Codon |
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| Genetic code yog qhov tseeb nucleotide ib ntus ntawm DNA strand uas ua rau muaj protein ntau. | Codon yog peb pawg ntawm pawg hauv paus ntawm DNA lossis RNA |
| Kev sib raug zoo ntawm Genetic Code thiab Codon | |
| Genetic code yog sau los ntawm codons | Codon is one unit of genetic code. |
| Qhov kawg tshwm sim | |
| Genetic code ua ke ua tiav cov protein. | Ib codon qhia txog cov amino acid tshwj xeeb ntawm cov protein. |
Summary – Genetic Code vs Codon
Txoj cai caj ces yog qhov kev txiav txim kom raug ntawm cov hauv paus hauv ib ntu DNA uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov amino acid ib ntus ntawm cov protein. Lub codon yog lub hauv paus triplet uas qhia txog cov amino acid tshwj xeeb ntawm cov protein. Muaj 64 codons tau los ntawm plaub lub hauv paus hauv nucleic acids. Codon sequence muab qhov tseeb amino acid sequence. Yog li ntawd, genetic code kuj tseem tuaj yeem raug hu ua kev sau ntawm codons. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm genetic code thiab codon.
