Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Pawg Sib Tham vs Pawg Kawm
Thaum hais lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev tshawb fawb pawg thiab pawg vaj huam sib luag yog ob txoj kev tshawb fawb siv los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas. Raws li qhov teeb meem kev tshawb fawb, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb, qhov tsim nyog rau kev tshawb fawb tau raug xaiv. Ua ntej cia peb nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm ob txoj kev tshawb fawb. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb sib koom ua ke yog ib txoj kev tshawb fawb ntev ua los ntawm ib pawg neeg uas sib koom ua ke. Kev tshawb fawb vaj huam sib luag kuj yog ib txoj kev tshawb fawb ntev, tab sis qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob yog qhov tsis zoo li hauv kev tshawb fawb, tib cov neeg koom siv tau siv thoob plaws, hauv kev tshawb fawb vaj huam sib luag. Kab lus no sim qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm pawg pab pawg thiab pawg neeg tshawb fawb kom ntxaws.
Kev Kawm Cohort yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej cia peb mloog zoo rau txoj kev kawm hauv pawg. Ib pawg yog ib pawg neeg uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws. Piv txwv li, cov menyuam yug hauv xyoo 2008 tau koom nrog ib pab pawg vim lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov kev paub dhau los uas ib pab pawg neeg tau ua tiav. Piv txwv li ib pawg ntawm cov tib neeg uas tau los ua neeg tawg rog vim muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv lub tebchaws.
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb yog hais txog kev tshawb fawb ntev uas poob rau hauv qeb ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb. Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshawb fawb, tus kws tshawb fawb soj ntsuam ib pawg neeg rau lub sijhawm ntev. Txij li thaum kev tshawb fawb mus rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas tus kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum sib txuas nrog cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg. Kev ua tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb. Cov kev tshawb fawb Cohort tau ua ob qho tib si hauv natural sciences thiab hauv social sciences.
Cia peb ua piv txwv qhov twg kev kawm sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntuj. Yog tias tus kws tshawb fawb xav txheeb xyuas qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ib tus kab mob tshwj xeeb, txhawm rau paub seb tus kab mob no tshwm sim li cas, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej twg, thiab lwm yam. nws tuaj yeem ua txoj kev tshawb fawb hauv ib cheeb tsam. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum pib, pawg yuav suav nrog cov neeg uas tseem tsis tau kuaj pom tus kab mob, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws xws li cov poj niam yug hauv ib xyoos. Raws li tus kws tshawb fawb ua qhov kev tshawb fawb dhau sijhawm, nws yuav pom tias muaj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob hauv qee cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg, qhov no yuav ua rau nws txheeb xyuas qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam, thiab lwm yam.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb yog dab tsi?
Kev kawm vaj huam sib luag kuj yog kev kawm ntev. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv pawg neeg thiab kev tshawb fawb vaj huam sib luag yog qhov tsis zoo li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tshawb fawb pawg, hauv kev tshawb fawb vaj huam sib luag tib neeg tau siv thoob plaws hauv txoj kev kawm. Qhov no tso cai rau tus kws tshawb fawb los tshuaj xyuas cov kev hloov pauv uas tau tshwm sim dhau sijhawm.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb ntawm pawg neeg tuaj yeem nyuaj thaum cov neeg koom nrog tsis kam koom nrog kev tshawb fawb tom qab lossis thaum qee tus neeg tuaj koom tsis tuaj yeem pom. Qhov no feem ntau cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb kom meej thiab ua rau muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees. Lwm qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas cov kws tshawb fawb ntsib yog kev ua haujlwm. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum tib cov lus nug raug nug los ntawm tib neeg dua thiab dua. Qhov no ib zaug ntxiv tsim kev tsis ncaj ncees rau cov kev xav ntawm cov neeg koom.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb?
Definition of Cohort and Panel Study:
Kev Kawm Cohort: Kev kawm sib koom ua ke yog kev tshawb fawb ntev ua los ntawm pab pawg neeg uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws.
Kev Kawm Vaj Huam Sib Luag: Kev tshawb fawb vaj huam sib luag kuj yog ib qho kev kawm ntev uas cov neeg koom siv tib yam thoob plaws txoj kev kawm.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Pawg Neeg thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb:
Type of study:
Kev Kawm Cohort: Kev Kawm Cohort yog kev kawm ntev.
Kev Kawm Vaj Huam Sib Luag: Kev tshawb fawb vaj huam sib luag kuj yog kev kawm ntev.
Sample:
Kev Kawm Cohort: Cov tib neeg uas qhia txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev paub tau raug xaiv rau tus qauv. Nov yog lub npe hu ua pawg.
Kev Kawm Vaj Huam Sib Luag: Tib cov tib neeg raug siv los ua tus qauv thoob plaws qhov kev kawm.
Image Courtesy: 1. Wikiguides Cohort 1 los ntawm hnub kawm Los ntawm Philippe (WMF) (Tus kheej ua haujlwm) [CC BY-SA 3.0 lossis GFDL], ntawm Wikimedia Commons 2. “HarmCausedByDrugsTable” los ntawm User: Tesseract2 – “Scoring tshuaj ", Tus Economist, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm "Drug harms in the UK: a multi-criteria decision analysis", los ntawm David Nutt, Leslie King thiab Lawrence Phillips, sawv cev ntawm Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs. Lub Lancet. 2010 Nov 6; 376(9752): 1558-65. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61462-6 PMID:21036393. [CC BY-SA 3.0] via Commons
