Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Pom vs Centrifugation
Ua ntej yuav mus rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas qhov tob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev Lim thiab Centrifugation, ob txoj kev sib cais, cia peb ua ntej saib seb cov txheej txheem sib cais yog dab tsi. Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog biological thiab engineering, cov txheej txheem sib cais yog siv los cais cov khoom xav tau los ntawm kev sib tov. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim loj hloov pauv uas hloov cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv ob lossis ntau qhov sib txawv. Kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yog nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg lossis cov khoom siv lub cev xws li huab hwm coj, qhov ntom ntom, qhov loj, cov duab, lossis cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw, ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. Cov txheej txheem kev sib cais feem ntau yog categorized raws li qhov sib txawv tshwj xeeb uas lawv siv los ua kom muaj kev sib cais. Lim thiab centrifugation yog cov txheej txheem kev sib cais uas feem ntau siv raws li lub cev txav ntawm cov khoom xav tau. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev pom thiab centrifugation yog nyob rau hauv kev siv quab yuam thiab txoj kev. Kev lim dej feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem sieving los lim / tshem tawm cov kab mob lossis cov khoom tsis zoo nrog kev pab ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev cuam tshuam lub cev xws li xov xwm, daim nyias nyias, lossis cov lim dej. Centrifugation siv lub zog centrifugal los cais cov sib txuas uas xav tau thiab feem ntau raws li qhov hnyav molecular. Lub tshuab centrifuge yog siv rau kev sib cais no. Cov denser compounds hloov mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub centrifuge thiab tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov ntawd. Hauv kab lus no, cia peb piav qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev pom thiab centrifugation.
Dab tsi yog Lim?
Kev lim yog siv los cais cov khoom xav tau lossis cov khoom sib xyaw hauv qhov sib xyaw lossis raug ncua. Nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov, ib qho los yog ntau qhov kev xav tau tuaj yeem raug cais tawm siv cov txheej txheem pom. Nws yog ib qho kev sib cais ntawm lub cev thiab nws tseem ceeb heev hauv chemistry, zaub mov science, thiab engineering kom cais cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv los yog ua kom huv cov tebchaw. Thaum pom, kev sib cais tshwm sim ntawm ib qho lossis ntau txheej perforated / s. Hauv kev lim dej, cov khoom uas loj dhau mus dhau ntawm qhov ntawm cov txheej perforated tau khaws cia. Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom loj tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom seem lossis cov ncuav mog qab zib rau saum lub lim thiab tseem tuaj yeem thaiv cov lim dej, tiv thaiv cov dej theem ntawm kev hla lub lim.
Daim duab 1: Daim duab ntawm kev pom yooj yim.
Centrifugation yog dab tsi?
Centrifugation yog txheej txheem uas lub tshuab centrifuge siv los cais cov khoom xav tau ntawm cov kua sib tov sib xyaw / slurry. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm centrifugation, lub precipitate yog sai thiab tag nrho sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub centrifuge raj. Cov kua uas tshuav yog lub npe hu ua kua supernatant. Cov supernatant no ces yog xa tawm sai sai ntawm lub raj yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov nag lossis daus, lossis tshem tawm siv Pasteur pipette. Cov khoom ua los ntawm centrifugation yog nyob ntawm centrifugal acceleration, hais qhov loj thiab cov duab, qhov ntim ntawm cov khib nyiab tam sim no, qhov sib txawv ntom ntom ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kua dej, thiab cov viscosity.
Daim duab 2: Daim duab qhia txog txheej txheem centrifugation
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Lim thiab Centrifugation?
Txhais kev pom thiab centrifugation
Kev lim: kev ua lossis txheej txheem tshem tawm qee yam tsis xav tau los ntawm cov kua.
Centrifugation: tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov tshuaj los yog sib tov.
yam ntxwv ntawm kev lim thiab centrifugation
Pom thiab centrifugation tej zaum yuav muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv thiab lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no;
Kev siv zog
Filtration: Lub gravitational quab yuam yog siv hauv kev pom.
Centrifugation: Lub zog centrifugal yog siv hauv centrifugation.
khoom siv
Filtration: Sieves lossis perforated txheej lossis lim los yog xov xwm lossis lub cev daim nyias nyias lossis lim funnel lossis lawv cov kev sib txuas tuaj yeem siv tau. Qee cov cuab yeej lim tuaj yeem siv los pab pom. Cov no feem ntau incompressible diatomaceous ntiaj teb los yog silica.
Centrifugation: Lub tshuab centrifuge thiab cov raj centrifuge tau siv.
Txoj Kev Ua Haujlwm
Filtration: Cov khoom loj hauv qhov sib tov tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm lub mesh / perforated qauv ntawm lub lim thaum cov kua thiab cov khoom me me dhau los ntawm lub zog ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ua filtrate (Daim duab 1)
Centrifugation: Cov tshuaj tov yog centrifuged kom yuam cov hnyav / ntom ntom rau hauv qab, qhov uas nws nquag tsim lub ncuav mog qab zib khov Cov kua saum toj no lub ncuav mog qab zib tuaj yeem tshem tawm lossis decanted. Txoj kev no muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb rau kev sib cais cov khib nyiab uas tsis lim zoo (piv txwv li: gelatinous lossis cov khoom zoo). (Daim duab 2)
Type
Filtration: Muaj peb txoj hauv kev pom raws li cov txiaj ntsig xav tau hu ua kub, txias thiab nqus pom. Cov txheej txheem kub filtration feem ntau yog siv los cais cov khib nyiab los ntawm cov tshuaj kub. Qhov no yog siv kom tsis txhob siv lead ua kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub lim funnel uas tuaj nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem lim dej txias feem ntau yog siv los ua kom txias sai sai kom ua kom crystallized. Txoj kev no ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov muaju me me uas tsis muaj peev xwm tau txais cov muaju loj los ntawm kev ua kom txias cov tshuaj maj mam mus rau chav tsev kub. Lub tshuab nqus tsev pom txoj kev siv feem ntau yog siv rau ib pawg me me ntawm cov tshuaj kom sai sai qhuav tawm cov muaju me me. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem pom tau zoo tshaj plaws piv rau qhov kub thiab txias pom.
Centrifugation: Muaj peb txoj kev centrifugation uas yog micro-centrifuges, high-speed centrifuges, thiab ultra-centrifugations. Microcentrifuge feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tshawb fawb kev ua ub no los ua cov ntim me me ntawm cov roj ntsha molecules. Lub tshuab no me me txaus los kho ntawm lub rooj saum toj. Kev kub ceev centrifuges tuaj yeem tswj cov qauv loj dua thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv kev lag luam loj. Ultra-centrifugation feem ntau yog siv rau kev tshawb fawb lub hom phiaj xws li kev kawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom lom lom. Nws yog txoj kev sib cais zoo tshaj plaws piv rau micro-centrifuges thiab high-speed centrifuges.
Purpose
Filtration: Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev pom yog tau txais qhov xav tau los ntawm kev tshem tawm impurities los ntawm kev sib tov lossis, rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khib nyiab los ntawm kev sib tov.
Centrifugation: Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm centrifugation yog kev cais cov khib nyiab los ntawm kev daws.
Efficiency
Filtration: Cov tswv yim yooj yim pom tej zaum yuav xav tau ntau lub sij hawm los cais cov khoom xav tau thiab vim li ntawd, kev pom tsawg dua li centrifugation.
Centrifugation: Kev sib cais tshwm sim sai heev piv rau cov tswv yim pom. Yog li, centrifugation yog qhov ua tau zoo dua li kev pom.
Disadvantages
Filtration: Yog tias cov tshuaj lim me me heev, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav raug nqus los ntawm lim nruab nrab. Cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj gelatinous lossis cov khoom zoo tsis lim zoo. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau cais cov sib tov centrifugation tuaj yeem siv.
Centrifugation: Txoj kev no yuav tsum paub-yuav ua li cas thiab hluav taws xob piv rau cov tswv yim pom.
Tus nqi
Filtration: Tus nqi yog nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem pom, thiab feem ntau cov txheej txheem pom yooj yim tsis tas yuav muaj hluav taws xob nrog rau cov neeg kawm tiav. Yog li, tus nqi cuam tshuam yuav qis dua piv rau centrifugation.
Centrifugation: Tus nqi siab dua piv rau cov txheej txheem pom yooj yim vim tias centrifuge xav tau hluav taws xob nrog rau cov kws tshaj lij kev cob qhia.
Applications
Filtration: kas fes lim, lim dej, lim dej kom tshem tawm cov khoom, Pneumatic conveying systems siv cov lim dej, hauv chav kuaj, lub khob funnel, Buchner funnel lossis sintered iav funnel yog siv rau kev pom. Hauv tib neeg lub raum, lub raum pom yog siv los lim ntshav thiab xaiv rov qab nqus ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau lub cev kom tswj hwm homeostasis.
Centrifugation: Ib qho ntawm cov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws yog kev kho cov dej phwj sludge qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov kev ncua siab heev. Centrifugation kuj tseem siv rau cov txheej txheem uranium ntxiv. Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, cov txheej txheem no yog siv hauv kev tshawb fawb lom neeg rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom xav tau lossis kua los ntawm kev sib tov. Tsis tas li ntawd, centrifugation yog siv los tshem tawm cov rog ntawm cov mis nyuj los tsim cov mis nyuj skimmed, kom paub meej thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov cawv thiab cais cov zis thiab cov ntshav hauv cov chaw soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kho mob.
Nyob rau hauv qhov xaus, pom thiab centrifugation yog cov txheej txheem sib cais sib txawv thiab qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog qhov siv quab yuam thiab cov khoom sib cais. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav muaj ntau daim ntawv thov sib txawv.
