Analysis vs Synthesis
Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev sib txuas tuaj yeem sib tham hauv ntau lub ntsiab lus raws li ob nqe lus 'kev tshuaj ntsuam' thiab 'synthesis' tau siv dav hauv ntau yam xws li science, lej, computer science, economics, thiab engineering. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab lus no tsuas yog tsom rau kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj thiab tshuaj siv tshuaj. Chemistry yog ib qho kev sim kev tshawb fawb, thiab nws muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm ib lossis ntau lub tebchaw mus rau lwm qhov sib xyaw. Ob txoj haujlwm, 'kev tshuaj ntsuam' thiab 'synthesis' yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Chemistry. Lawv ob leeg koom nrog ob peb kauj ruam hauv cov txheej txheem thiab nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li ib ntus los ntawm kev muab cov xwm txheej xav tau. Ob txoj haujlwm no yog kev sib koom ua ke, tab sis ob leeg muaj lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev sim tshuaj lom neeg.
Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yog dab tsi?
Feem ntau, lub sij hawm tsom xam yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov ntsiab lus nyuaj / khoom rau hauv cov chav me me kom tau txais kev nkag siab meej los ntawm kev txo qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov teeb meem. Nws tuaj yeem koom nrog ob peb kauj ruam thiab ntau yam txuj ci, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov teeb meem. Hauv Chemistry, kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj muaj ntau yam txuj ci thiab txoj hauv kev los ua kom yooj yim cov txheej txheem tshuaj analytical. Hauv paus, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb thaj chaw: kev tshuaj xyuas zoo, kev tshuaj xyuas ntau, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov teeb meem.
Kev soj ntsuam zoo - txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov tebchaw hauv kev sib xyaw.
Quantitative tsom xam - txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke.
tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem tshuaj - nuclear reactor (kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm isotope concentration hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear)
X-ray microscopy (XRM)
Qee txoj hauv kev siv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yog Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS), Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS), Chromatography, Colorimetry, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) kuj hu ua Electron spin resonance (ESR), Flow injection analysis (FIA), Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), Gas chromatography (GC), Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), High-performance liquid chromatography-IR spectroscopy (HPLC-IR), Inductively coupled plasma (ICP), Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), Mass spectrometry (MS), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Raman spectroscopy, Refractive index, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), thiab X-ray microscopy (XRM).
Tshuaj Synthesis yog dab tsi?
Synthesis hauv Chemistry yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg tshiab uas siv ob lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj lom neeg ua cov tshuaj reactants. Cov khoom kawg hauv cov txheej txheem yog ib qho nyuaj nrog rau kev sib txuas ntawm thawj zaug.
Daim ntawv dav dav ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib txuas tuaj yeem sau tau, A + B -> AB
8 Fe + S8 -> 8 FeS
Txhawm rau ua kom cov molecule, nws yuav xav tau ntau qhov kev tshwm sim raws li kev tswj hwm kev sim. Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws uas suav nrog cov kauj ruam tsawg kawg nrog tus nqi tsawg kawg nkaus, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Sib Txuas?
• Hauv kev sib txuas, nws pib nrog cov khoom sib txuas yooj yim thiab tsim cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke. Tab sis, hauv kev txheeb xyuas, tsis muaj kev txwv li ntawd; Nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho yooj yim compound lossis complex.
• Hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, ntau lub tebchaw ua ke tsim ib lub molecule complex whereas, nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam, ib tug complex molecule tawg mus rau hauv me me units thiab peb soj ntsuam lawv.
• Tshuaj synthesis tsim cov tshuaj tshiab. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj, nws muab cov ntsiab lus qhia txog kev pom zoo (piv txwv li: muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov sib piv ntawm atoms) kom nkag siab txog cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li: kom muab cov tshuaj formula).
• Vim li no, kev sib txuas ua qhov kev tsim cov khoom tshiab thaum kev tshuaj xyuas ua qhov kev tshawb nrhiav cov khoom tsim los siv txoj kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.
Summary:
Analysis vs Synthesis
Kev tsom xam thiab kev sib txuas yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Chemistry. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab sib npaug tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm Chemistry niaj hnub no. Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev sib txuas ua rau kev tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg tshiab. Chemists muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev tsim cov khoom sib txuas tshiab thiab nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev los tsim cov tshuaj sib txuas uas twb muaj lawm. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, kev tsom xam pab kom nkag siab txog kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke pab tsim cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke siv cov molecules yooj yim.
