Codeine vs Hydrocodone
Raws li ob qho tib si, hydrocodone thiab codeine, tab tom ua narcotic analgesics, nws tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm codeine thiab hydrocodone. Opium poppy yog lub ntiaj teb nto moo paj zoo nkauj uas yog lub hom phiaj cog qoob loo rau kev tsim tshuaj thiab cawv. Qhov loj extraction ntawm opium poppy yog opium uas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim tshuaj. Opioid analgesics yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob siv rau cov mob me mus rau qhov hnyav. Feem ntau, kev siv lub sijhawm ntev ntawm opioid analgesics tsis pom zoo vim tias nws cov teebmeem tshwm sim, kev cia siab thiab ua siab ntev. Muaj opioid receptors nyob rau hauv peb lub hauv nruab nrab thiab peripheral paj hlwb thiab hauv plab hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Opioids khi rau cov opioid receptors los tsim nws cov tshuaj pharmacological. Ob leeg hydrocodone thiab codeine yog opioid analgesics. Ob qho tshuaj yog kwv yees li tib yam vim hais tias ob qho tib si koom rau tib chav kawm tshuaj thiab muab los ntawm tib tsob nroj. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm codeine thiab hydrocodone thaum xav txog cov khoom xyaw thiab cov txheej txheem hluavtaws.
Hydrocodone yog dab tsi?
Carl Mannich thiab Helene LÖwenhein yog ob leej txiv ntawm hydrocodone vim tias lawv tau tsim cov hydrocodone thawj zaug hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes xyoo 1920. Hydrocodone yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws tsuas yog muaj raws li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Nws ua raws li kev hnoos hnoos ua ke nrog acetaminophen lossis ibuprofen. Raws li cov qauv tshuaj, nws yog lub npe hu ua 4, 5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl morphinan-6-one. Qhov pib ntawm kev ua ntawm hydrocodone yog li 10-30 feeb. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm nws yog li 4-6 teev.
Pharmacology ntawm Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone tsim nws qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev khi nrog opioid receptors hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb. Tsawg dua 50% ntawm hydrocodone yog khi rau plasma protein.
Y Pharmacokinetics ntawm Hydrocodone
Y Hydrocodone yog metabolized hauv daim siab tom qab noj qhov ncauj. CYP3A4 catalyzed oxidation yog txoj hauv kev los tsim cov metabolite loj hu ua norhydrocodone. Cytochrome p 450 enzymeCYP2D6 yog lub luag haujlwm rau hloov hydrocodone mus rau hydromorphone uas yog ib qho muaj zog metabolite.
Cov teebmeem ntawm Hydrocodone
Qhov kev tsis zoo ntawm hydrocodone yog xeev siab, ntuav, cem quav, tsaug zog, kiv taub hau, tsis pom kev, xav tsis thoob, ntxhov siab, khaus thiab nqaim cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Kev noj tshuaj hydrocodone thaum thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm cev xeeb tub yuav ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Kev kam rau siab thiab kev vam khom muaj ntau nrog opioid analgesics xws li hydrocodone.
Contraindications ntawm Hydrocodone
Muaj qee yam tshuaj uas yuav tsum tsis txhob noj nrog hydrocodone. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau ntawm lub paj hlwb. Cov tshuaj no yog lwm yam tshuaj opioid, cawv, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab thiab cov khoom lag luam. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau txais cov lus qhia los ntawm kws kho mob thiab kws muag tshuaj yog tias lawv tau txais kev phais.
Kev sib cuam tshuam zaub mov nrog Hydrocodone
Kev haus dej cawv nrog hydrocodone tsis pom zoo vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb kev nyuaj siab. Muaj CYP3A4 inhibitors hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog li muaj kev ntseeg tias kua txiv kab ntxwv cuam tshuam nrog hydrocodone metabolism tab sis tsis muaj pov thawj kev tshawb fawb.
Codeine yog dab tsi?
Pierre Robiquet thawj zaug pom codeine hauv 1832. Codeine yog ib qho kev rho tawm ncaj qha ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog synthesized nyob rau hauv ntau los ntawm morphine los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm o-methylation. Codeine muaj kev nyab xeeb dav dav. Cov tshuaj npe ntawm codeine yog (5α, 6α)-7, 8-dihydro-4, 5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl m los yog -6-ol. Codeine yog ib qho mob me me mus rau nruab nrab thiab ua rau hnoos hnoos. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev mob raws plab heev.
Pharmacokinetics ntawm Codeine
Lub enzyme CYP2D6 catalyzes hepatic conversion ntawm codeine rau morphine. Norcodeine yog lwm metabolite ntawm codeine. UGT2B7 conjugate codeine, norcodeine thiab morphine los tsim 3- thiab 6- glucuronides. Morphine yog lub zog metabolite ntawm codeine. Toxicity ntawm nws ua rau muaj kev phiv loj heev. Lub raum tso tawm codeine thiab nws cov metabolites raws li conjugated tshuaj nrog glucuronic acid.
Cov teebmeem ntawm Codeine
Ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm codeine yog qaug zog thiab kiv taub hau. Cov niam tsev laus yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj codeine lossis yuav tsum tsis txhob pub niam mis ntxiv thaum noj codeine. Kev siv codeine thaum cev xeeb tub ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Kev kho lub sij hawm ntev tsis haum vim kev zam thiab kev vam khom.
Kev sib cuam tshuam zaub mov nrog Codeine
Kev haus cawv nrog codeine tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob haus cawv lossis tshuaj uas muaj cawv thaum noj tshuaj. Cov tshuaj xws li xaiv reuptake inhibitors, antihistamines, diphenhydramines thiab antidepressants txo cov hepatic conversion ntawm codeine rau morphine. Rifampicin thiab dexamethasone induce hloov ntawm codeine rau morphine.
Qhov txawv ntawm Codeine thiab Hydrocodone yog dab tsi?
Ob qho tib si hydrocodone thiab codeine yog narcotic analgesics. Ob qho tshuaj tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws vim tias ob qho tib si koom nrog tib hom tshuaj. Kev kam rau siab thiab kev vam khom muaj ntau nrog ob qho tib si hydrocodone thiab codeine. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob tsav tsheb thiab siv lub tshuab thaum noj hydrocodone thiab codeine vim tias ob leeg ua rau kiv taub hau zoo li cov tsos mob.
Cov molecule ntawm codeine dais ib pawg -OH sawv cev rau cawv. Lub molecule ntawm hydrocodone muaj ib pawg ketone
Ob qho tib si hydrocodone thiab codeine yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm tib tsob nroj poppy. Codeine muaj nyob rau hauv lub pod ntawm opium poppy. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj ntau qhov laj thawj ua tau zoo codeine yog tsim los ntawm morphine
Hydrocodone yog ib qho tshuaj semi-synthetic. Codeine thiab thebaine yog cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm hydrocodone. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias hydrocodone zoo dua li codeine
Codeine yog tshuaj rau mob me me thaum hydrocodone raug tshuaj rau qhov mob me me mus rau hnyav. Codeine yog ib txoj kev kho mob zoo rau kev mob raws plab
Hydromorphone thiab norhydrocodone yog cov metabolites loj ntawm hydrocodone. Morphine yog cov metabolite loj ntawm codeine
Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem noj cov tshuaj codeine hauv qhov ncauj thiab subcutaneously. Intravenous kev tswj hwm ntawm codeine tsis haum vim muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai
YHydrocodone yog kev kho qhov ncauj
Hydrocodone thiab codeine yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Lub zog ntawm ob cov tshuaj sib txawv me ntsis. Hydrocodone tsis tsuas yog muaj zog phiv tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev phiv ntau dua li codeine. Cov kws kho mob tau sau ob qho tshuaj rau cov neeg mob xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob. Ob qho tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv los ua kev kho mob. Kev noj tshuaj hydrocodone thiab codeine yam tsis muaj tshuaj yuav ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo.
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