Edema vs Swelling
Edema thiab o yog tib yam. Edema yog lo lus scientific thaum o yog lub sij hawm pw.
Edema lossis o yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob hnyav. Mob o yog ib qho physiological cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev rau kev raug mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Lawv ua rau kev tso tawm ntawm histamine los ntawm mast hlwb, cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha, thiab platelets. Muaj qhov pib reflex contraction ntawm lub txaj capillary kom txwv tsis pub nkag ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm raug mob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Histamine thiab serotonin tso tawm los ntawm mast hlwb, capillary endothelial hlwb [1], thiab platelets so cov capillaries thiab nce permeability ntawm capillaries. Cov hlwb no muaj qhov tsim ua ntej ntawm cov tshuaj vasoactive uas npaj tau tso tawm thaum lub sijhawm ceeb toom. Qhov no qhia txog qhov pib ntawm cov kua exudation. Histamine yog tus tseem ceeb inflammatory mediator tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm tam sim ntawd inflammatory cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sij hawm latent, lwm yam muaj zog inflammatory mediators xws li serotonin, leukocyte proteins, bradykinins, Kallikreins, arachidonic acid derivatives, leukotrienes, thiab mob theem proteins ntxiv nce capillary permeability thiab platelet activation. Yog li ntawd, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov dej thiab electrolytes xau mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg o. Thaum cov dej txav tawm, lub siab hydrostatic nyob rau hauv lub capillaries poob. Yog li ntawd, osmotic pressures sab hauv thiab sab nraud capillaries sib npaug. Qhov no yuav yog qhov kawg ntawm dej txav yog tias nws tsuas yog dej uas txav los ntawm cov phab ntsa capillary. Nyob rau hauv mob mob, nws tsis yog li ntawd. Los ntawm kev nthuav dav hauv cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa, cov proteins tawm. Cov proteins no nqus dej tawm mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Qhov no yog hu ua hydrophilic kev sib tshuam. Protein tawg vim cov ntaub so ntswg puas ua rau cov dej txav mus ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv lub venous kawg ntawm lub capillary txaj, dej tsis nkag mus rau hauv kev, vim hais tias dej tau tuav los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm electrolytes thiab proteins. Yog li ntawd, cov kua dej tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha kawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog loj dua cov dej uas nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha kawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Yog li o tshwm sim.
Cov kua dej ntws tsis yog ib qho tshwm sim thaum mob hnyav. Feem ntau cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa hauv ob sab phlu thiab cell membranes ntawm cov qe ntshav tsis zoo, ua kom lawv sib nrug. Hauv qhov mob, cov nqi no hloov pauv. Kev poob dej los ntawm cov hlab ntshav ntawm qhov chaw mob ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav laminar [2] Cov neeg mob sib kis mob txhawb kev tsim roulaux. Tag nrho cov kev hloov no rub lub hlwb mus rau lub nkoj phab ntsa. Cov qe ntshav dawb khi rau integrin receptors ntawm phab ntsa hlab ntsha, yob raws phab ntsa, thiab tawm mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov qe ntshav liab nthuav tawm los ntawm qhov sib txawv (diapedesis). Qhov no hu ua cellular exudate. Ib zaug sab nraud, cov qe ntshav dawb tsiv mus rau tus neeg ua haujlwm raug mob raws li qhov concentration gradient ntawm cov tshuaj tso tawm los ntawm tus neeg sawv cev. Qhov no hu ua chemotaxis. Tom qab ncav cuag tus neeg sawv cev dawb hlwb engulf thiab rhuav tshem cov neeg sawv cev. Kev ua phem ntawm cov qe dawb yog qhov hnyav heev uas ib puag ncig cov nqaij mos noj qab haus huv kuj raug puas tsuaj. Raws li hom kev raug mob, hom kab mob dawb nkag mus rau qhov chaw sib txawv. Kev daws teeb meem, mob mob ntev, thiab kev tsim abscess yog paub txog qhov mob hnyav.
1. Qhov txawv ntawm Epithelial thiab Endothelial Cells
2. Qhov txawv ntawm Laminar Flow thiab Turbulent Flow
