YGlycogenolysis vs Gluconeogenesis
Glycogenolysis thiab Gluconeogenesis yog ob hom txheej txheem uas ua kom cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv. Lub siab yog lub luag haujlwm rau ob txoj haujlwm no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov ntshav qabzib txo qis thaum lub sijhawm yoo mov, thiab thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qhov twg cov piam thaj tau noj sai heev los tsim ATP. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntshav siab ntawm lub cev kuj tseem tswj hwm los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones insulin thiab glucagon.
YGluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis yog txheej txheem tsim cov piam thaj los ntawm cov khoom tsis yog carbohydrate. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev gluconeogenesis, 6 ATP molecules tau noj ib molecule ntawm qabzib tsim. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv hepatocytes hauv daim siab. Hauv cov hlwb no, feem ntau cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm gluconeogenesis tshwm sim hauv cytoplasm thaum ob qhov kev tshwm sim tshwm sim hauv mitochondria. Cov molecules uas muab cov substrates rau gluconeogenesis muaj xws li cov proteins, lipids thiab pyruvate. Pyruvate yog tsim los ntawm glycolysis nyob rau hauv anaerobic mob. Cov nqaij leeg nqaij yog degraded los tsim cov amino acids, qee qhov siv hauv gluconeogenesis. Cov amino acids no hu ua 'glucogenic amino acids'. Thaum xav txog cov lipid substrates, glycerol ua thaum lub sij hawm hydrolysis ntawm cov khw muag roj los yog noj cov rog yog siv hauv gluconeogenesis. Propionyl CoA; ib yam khoom ntawm β-oxidation ntawm khib-numbered fatty acids kuj koom nrog hauv gluconeogenesis. Txawm li cas los xij, fatty acids tsis koom ncaj qha raws li substrate thaum lub sij hawm gluconeogenesis.
YGlycogenolysis
Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm glycogen tawg los tsim cov piam thaj molecules. Glycogenolysis tshwm sim hauv cytoplasm thiab txhawb nqa los ntawm glucagon thiab adrenaline cov tshuaj hormones. Ob theem ntawm glycogenolysis yog; strand- shortening, thaum lub sij hawm uas glycogen polymer lov rau hauv luv luv strands ntawm phosphorolysis, thiab ceg tshem tawm, thaum lub sij hawm uas dawb qabzib yog tsim los ntawm debranching ntawm glycerol. Cov enzymes xav tau rau cov txheej txheem no yog glycogen phosphorylase, debranching enzyme, thiab amylo-α-1, 6-glucosidase.
Qhov txawv ntawm Glycogenolysis thiab Gluconeogenesis yog dab tsi?
• Gluconeogenesis yog tsim cov piam thaj los ntawm cov khoom tsis yog carbohydrate, whereas glycogenolysis yog txheej txheem ntawm glycogen tawg.
• Thaum lub sij hawm glycogenolysis, glycogen tau tawg los ua cov piam thaj-6-phosphate, thiab thaum lub sij hawm gluconeogenesis, molecules xws li amino acids thiab lactic acids hloov mus rau hauv qabzib.
Koj kuj tseem xav nyeem:
1. Qhov txawv ntawm Glycolysis thiab Gluconeogenesis
2. Qhov txawv ntawm Hypoglycemia thiab Hyperglycemia
3. Qhov txawv ntawm Kev yoo mov thiab tsis noj ntshav qab zib
