Congruent vs Equal
Kev sib haum xeeb thiab sib npaug yog cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws hauv geometry, tab sis feem ntau siv thiab tsis meej pem.
sib npaug
Sib npaug txhais tau tias qhov loj lossis qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm ob qhov sib piv yog tib yam. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib npaug yog ib lub tswv yim paub hauv peb lub neej niaj hnub; Txawm li cas los xij, raws li lub tswv yim lej nws yuav tsum tau txhais los ntawm kev ntsuas nruj dua. Cov teb sib txawv siv lub ntsiab lus sib txawv rau qhov sib npaug. Hauv lej logic, nws txhais tau tias siv Paeno's Axioms. Kev sib npaug yog hais txog cov lej; Feem ntau cov lej sawv cev rau cov khoom.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm geometry, qhov sib npaug muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ib yam li hauv kev siv cov lus sib npaug. Nws hais tias yog tias tus cwj pwm ntawm ob daim duab geometrical zoo ib yam ces ob daim duab sib npaug. Piv txwv li, thaj tsam ntawm daim duab peb sab tuaj yeem sib npaug rau thaj tsam ntawm ib lub square. Ntawm no, tsuas yog qhov loj ntawm cov cuab yeej 'thaj chaw' yog kev txhawj xeeb, thiab lawv yog tib yam. Tab sis cov nuj nqis lawv tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog tib yam.
Kev sib haum xeeb
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm geometry, congruent txhais tau tias sib npaug ntawm ob daim duab (zoo li) thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Los yog hauv cov lus yooj yim, yog tias ib tus tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog daim ntawv luam ntawm lwm tus ces cov khoom sib xws, tsis hais txog qhov chaw. Nws yog lub tswvyim sib npaug ntawm kev sib luag uas siv hauv geometry. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm congruence kuj muaj ntau stricter txhais tau muab nyob rau hauv analytical geometry.
Txawm hais tias kev taw qhia ntawm daim duab peb sab qhia saum toj no lawv tuaj yeem muab tso rau kom lawv sib tshooj zoo kawg nkaus. Li no lawv sib npaug ntawm ob qho tib si loj thiab zoo li. Yog li ntawd lawv yog congruent triangles. Ib daim duab thiab nws daim iav daim iav kuj sib haum. (Lawv tuaj yeem sib tshooj tom qab tig lawv ib ncig ntawm lub axis pw hauv lub dav hlau ntawm cov duab).
Nyob rau saum toj no, txawm tias cov duab yog daim iav, lawv yog congruent.
Kev sib haum xeeb hauv daim duab peb sab yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kawm ntawm dav hlau geometry. Rau ob daim duab peb sab kom sib haum, lub kaum sab xis thiab sab yuav tsum sib npaug. Daim duab peb sab tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov sib haum yog tias cov xwm txheej hauv qab no txaus siab.
• SSS (Side Side Side) yog tias tag nrho peb sab sib npaug sib npaug ntawm qhov ntev.
• SAS (Side Angle Side) Ib khub ntawm cov sib raug zoo thiab lub kaum sab xis suav nrog sib npaug.
• ASA (Lub kaum sab xis) Ib khub ntawm cov ces kaum sib raug thiab cov sab suav nrog sib npaug.
• AAS (Lub kaum sab xis) Ib khub ntawm cov ces kaum sib xws thiab ib sab tsis suav nrog yog sib npaug.
• HS (hypotenuse ceg ntawm daim duab peb sab sab xis) Ob daim duab peb sab yog congruent yog lub hypotenuse thiab ib sab yog sib npaug.
Cov ntaub ntawv AAA (Lub kaum sab xis) tsis yog rooj plaub uas qhov kev pom zoo ib txwm siv tau. Piv txwv li nram qab no ob daim duab peb sab muaj cov kaum sib npaug, tab sis tsis sib haum vim qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm ob sab sib txawv.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev Sib Tham thiab Sib npaug?
• Yog tias qee tus cwj pwm ntawm cov duab geometric zoo ib yam hauv qhov loj, ces lawv tau hais tias sib npaug.
• Yog hais tias ob qho tib si qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab cov duab sib npaug, ces cov duab tau hais tias yog congruent.
• Kev sib luag muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov loj (tus lej) thaum kev sib haum xeeb cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm daim duab.
