YLactose vs Lactase
Lactose thiab lactase txawm tias lawv suab zoo sib xws, yog ob yam sib txawv hauv cov qauv thiab lub luag haujlwm. Ob lo lus no feem ntau hnov ua ke nrog lactose intolerance, ib qho kev noj qab haus huv qee tus neeg tau ntsib.
Lactose
Lactose (C12H22O11) tshawb pom hauv 1619 thiab pom tias yog qab zib hauv xyoo 1780, belongs rau pawg bio-molecular ntawm carbohydrates. Carbohydrates feem ntau muab faib ua monosaccharide, disaccharide thiab polysaccharide tawm ntawm cov lactose belongs rau disaccharide. Raws li lub npe implies, cov suab thaj no yog tsim los ntawm ob qho yooj yim qab zib qab zib thiab galactose. Cyclic cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov piam thaj thiab galactose, uas tseem hu ua pyranose cov ntaub ntawv, tso cov dej molecule thiab khi nrog ib leeg ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus glycosidic; ib tug raug kev twb kev txuas tam sim no nyob rau hauv qab zib polymers. Txij li cov piam thaj thiab galactose yog 6 Carbon qab zib, qhov kev sib txuas kuj tseem tuaj yeem raug hu ua 1-4 glycosidic linkage, qhov twg 1 sawv cev rau Carbon-1 ntawm galactose thiab 4 sawv cev rau Carbon-4 ntawm qabzib thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov hais. carbons los ntawm ib tug oxygen atom. Lub npe systematic rau lactose yog β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucose.
Lactose yog cov suab thaj ntau hauv peb cov zaub mov vim 2-8% ntawm cov mis nyuj yog vim muaj lactose. Lactose kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj mis nyuj xws li butter, cheese, ice cream thiab lwm yam. Lactose cov ntsiab lus yog siab nyob rau hauv mammalian mis nyuj; Nws yog ib qho ntawm thawj qhov uas peb tau ntsib thaum menyuam mos.
Lactase
Lactase yog ib qho enzyme ("ase" - sawv cev rau enzyme). Enzyme yog ib yam khoom uas catalyzes thiab ua cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv peb lub cev. Enzymes tuaj nyob rau hauv chav kawm bio-molecular ntawm cov proteins. Cov enzyme tshwj xeeb no, uas yog ib tus tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg β galactosidase enzyme, yog lub luag haujlwm rau catabolism tseem hu ua degrading lossis hydrolysis ntawm lactose. Hauv cov hnyuv me, lactase enzyme tau zais rau hauv cov hnyuv tawm ntawm txoj hnyuv villi uas muaj nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv phab ntsa. Tom qab ntawd cov enzyme cleaves lactose los ntawm 1-4 glycosidic linkage los ntawm kev ntxiv cov dej molecule thiab rhuav lactose rau hauv nws ob qhov qub. Qhov ntawd yog mus rau hauv galactose thiab qabzib, uas yog nkag tau los ntawm cov hlwb rau kev ua pa ntawm tes thiab lub zog tsim tawm. Thaum qhov kev txiav txim lactase tsis raug, lactose mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv undigested thiab vim yog cov kab mob ua haujlwm thiab fermentation tib neeg yuav muaj raws plab, cramps thiab mob plab. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua "Lactose intolerance" lossis "lactase deficiency".
Lactose thiab Lactase yog dab tsi?
• Lactose yog carbohydrate-qab zib, thiab Lactase yog protein.
• Lactose yog lub zog rau lub cev thiab lactase tsis siv los ua lub zog.
• Lactose tau txais los ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj cov khoom noj siv mis (los ntawm sab nraud lub cev), tab sis lactase yog tsim nyob rau hauv peb lub cev.
• Lactose yog tsim los ntawm ob lub suab thaj yooj yim, tab sis lactase yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acids chains folding rau hauv 3D qauv.
• Hauv kev zom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lactose yog cov substrate, thiab lactase yog cov catalyst rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no.
• Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj lactose intolerant, muaj lactose los yog tsis muaj lactase ua rau tus mob.
