Ob leeg, Mob Ntshav Qab Zib thiab Ntshav Qab Zib Insipidus, suab tib yam, vim tias ob qho tib si ua rau nqhis dej ntau thiab polyuria, tab sis lawv yog ob qho tib si sib txawv nrog rau cov kab mob, kev tshawb nrhiav, teeb meem thiab kev tswj hwm.
Nws yog ib qho kev kho mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm hyperglycemia vim qhov tsis txaus lossis qhov txheeb ze ntawm insulin thiab tau muab faib ua plaub pawg xws li Hom I, II, III, thiab IV, raws li lawv cov etiology.
Hom I tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj autoimmune ntawm lub txiav uas feem ntau pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog hluas thaum hom II yog tus neeg laus pib feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm insulin tsis kam. Mob ntshav qab zib tau kis mus rau lwm yam kab mob xws li caj ces tsis zoo ntawm beta cell muaj nuj nqi, kab mob pancreatic, tshuaj induced ua rau, kab mob kis tau categorized li hom III thaum gestational diabetes yog hom IV.
kho mob muaj xws li polydypsia, polyuria, nocturia, poob phaus, tsis pom kev, pruritis vulvae, hyperphagia thiab lwm yam.
Cov kab mob metabolic uas pom hauv ntshav qab zib mellitus feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm ntev macro thiab micro vascular teeb meem ua rau mob ntshav qab zib nephropathy, neuropathy thiab peripheral vascular kab mob. Cov xwm txheej kho mob tau ntsib yog mob ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis thiab hyper osmolar non ketotic coma.
Kev tswj hwm hom ntshav qab zib hom I tsuas yog insulin nkaus xwb, thaum Hom II suav nrog kev tswj hwm kev noj zaub mov thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj, ntxiv rau insulin.
Raws li etiology ntawm ntshav qab zib insipidus, nws tuaj yeem raug categorized li cranial diabetes insipidus thiab nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Hauv cranial ntshav qab zib insipidus, muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm ADH los ntawm hypothalamus, thiab hauv nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, lub raum tubules tsis teb rau ADH.
Cov kab mob hauv lub cev muaj xws li cov qauv hypothalamic lossis cov kab mob siab stalk, idiopathic lossis genetic defects thiab nephrogenic ua rau muaj xws li caj ces, metabolic abnormality, tshuaj kho mob, lom thiab mob raum kab mob.
Kev kuaj mob tau lees paub nyob rau theem siab ntawm cov ntshav plasma osmolality (>300 mOsm / kg), txawm tias ADH tsis ntsuas hauv cov ntshav los yog cov zis tsis siab tshaj plaws (<600 mOsm / kg), thiab los ntawm kev ntsuas dej tsis txaus.
Kev kho yog nrog desmopressin / DDAVP, ib qho analog ntawm ADH nrog lub neej ntev dua. Polyuria hauv ntshav qab zib nephrogenic tau txhim kho nrog thiazide diuretics thiab NASIDs.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Mob Ntshav Qab Zib thiab Ntshav Qab Zib Insipidus?
• Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib yam mob tshwm sim thaum lwm qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim.
• Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib yam kab mob ntau yam cuam tshuam rau yuav luag txhua lub cev ntawm lub cev.
• Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus ua rau polyuria ntawm osmotic diuresis, thaum polyuria hauv ntshav qab zib insipidus yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav hauv ADH secretion lossis tsis ua haujlwm, hauv nws qhov kev ua ntawm lub raum tubules.
• Kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib muaj xws li kev tswj hwm kev noj zaub mov, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj hypoglycemic thiab insulin thaum ntshav qab zib insipidus suav nrog desmopressin / DDAVP.
