Oxidizing Agent vs Txo Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas
Oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau koom ua ke. Qhov twg ib yam khoom yog oxidized lwm yam khoom txo. Yog li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau koom ua ke hu ua redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Keeb kwm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation tau txheeb xyuas raws li cov kev cuam tshuam uas cov pa oxygen koom nrog. Nyob ntawd, cov pa oxygen ua ke nrog lwm cov molecule los tsim cov oxide. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cov pa oxygen txo qis thiab lwm yam khoom siv oxidation. Yog li hauv paus oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ntxiv oxygen rau lwm yam khoom. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nram qab no, hydrogen undergoes oxidation thiab li no, oxygen atom tau ntxiv rau hydrogen ua dej.
2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O
Lwm txoj hauv kev los piav txog oxidation yog qhov poob ntawm hydrogen. Lwm txoj hauv kev los piav txog oxidation yog poob ntawm electrons. Txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem siv los piav qhia txog tshuaj lom neeg, qhov twg peb tsis tuaj yeem pom kev tsim oxide lossis hydrogen poob. Yog li, txawm tias tsis muaj oxygen, peb tuaj yeem piav qhia oxidation siv txoj hauv kev no.
Oxidizing Agent
Raws li cov piv txwv saum toj no, oxidizing tus neeg saib xyuas lossis cov oxidizer tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog tus neeg sawv cev uas tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm lwm cov khoom hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Txij li thaum nws tshem tawm electrons, lwm yam khoom yuav muaj oxidation ntau dua li cov reactant. Tom qab ntawd tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing yuav txo qis. Piv txwv li hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no, magnesium tau hloov mus rau magnesium ions. Txij li thaum, magnesium tau poob ob lub electrons nws tau dhau oxidation thiab chlorine gas yog tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing.
Mg + Cl2 -> Mg2+ + 2Cl–
Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no ntawm hydrogen thiab oxygen gases, oxygen yog tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing. Oxygen yog oxidizer zoo hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, halogens, permanganate compounds, thiab Tollen's reagent yog qee yam ntawm cov tshuaj oxidizing.
Tus Neeg Txom Nyem
Kev txo qis yog qhov sib txawv ntawm oxidizing. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev hloov oxygen, nyob rau hauv kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxygens ploj. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev hloov hydrogen, kev txo qis tshwm sim tshwm sim thaum tau txais hydrogen. Piv txwv li, hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no ntawm methane thiab oxygen, oxygen tau txo qis vim nws tau txais hydrogen. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob, kev txo qis yog nce electrons. Yog li raws li qhov piv txwv saum toj no, chlorine txo qis.
Txo tus neeg sawv cev yog ib yam khoom uas pub cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau lwm yam hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Yog li, lwm yam khoom raug txo qis thiab txo tus neeg sawv cev ua oxidized. Cov tshuaj txo qis muaj zog muaj peev xwm pub dawb electrons tau yooj yim. Thaum lub atomic radius loj, qhov attraction ntawm lub nucleus thiab valence electrons tsis muaj zog; Yog li cov atom loj dua yog cov neeg ua haujlwm txo qis. Ntxiv mus, zoo txo cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj electronegativity thiab me me ionization zog. Sodium borohydride, lithium aluminium hydride, formic acid, ascorbic acid, sodium amalgam, thiab zinc mercury amalgam yog qee yam ntawm cov tshuaj txo qis.
Oxidizing Agent vs Txo Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas
