Mole vs Molarity
Ob qho mole thiab molarity yog cuam tshuam nrog ntsuas tshuaj.
Moob
Peb tuaj yeem suav thiab ntsuas yam peb tuaj yeem pom thiab kov. Cov cwj mem, phau ntawv, rooj zaum, tsev lossis lwm yam zoo li no tuaj yeem suav tau yooj yim thiab qhia hauv tus lej, tab sis nws nyuaj rau suav cov khoom uas tsawg tiag tiag. Atoms thiab molecules nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem yog heev me me, thiab muaj ntau billions ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug me me qhov chaw. Yog li sim suav lawv li lwm yam khoom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Yog vim li cas ib chav ntsuas hu ua "mole" tau qhia. Qhov no yog siv los ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov khoom (atoms, molecules, ions, electrons thiab lwm yam.) nyob rau hauv chemistry. Lub cim ntawm chav tsev yog mol. Carbon 12 isotope yog siv los txhais cov mole. Tus naj npawb ntawm atoms hauv 12 grams ntawm ntshiab carbon-12 isotope yog hu ua 1 mol. Tus nqi no yog sib npaug rau 6.02214179(30) ×1023 carbon-12 atoms. Yog li, 1mol yog 6.02214179(30) × 10 23 ntawm txhua yam tshuaj. Tus lej no hu ua Avogadro tus lej. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib mole ntawm ib yam khoom qhia hauv grams yog sib npaug rau cov khoom hnyav molecular. Yog tias peb noj ib qho hnyav ntawm 1 molecular hnyav, uas yuav muaj 1 mol ntawm cov khoom thiab, yog li ntawd, Avogadro cov xov tooj ntawm cov khoom. Hauv chemistry, mole yog siv dav los qhia qhov ntsuas es tsis txhob ntim lossis hnyav.
Molarity
Kev sib xyaw ua ke yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab feem ntau siv tshwm sim hauv chemistry. Nws yog siv los qhia qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm ib yam khoom. Yog tias koj xav txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm tooj liab ions hauv kev daws teeb meem, nws tuaj yeem muab raws li kev ntsuas ntsuas. Yuav luag tag nrho cov kev suav tshuaj siv cov kev ntsuas concentration los txiav txim siab txog qhov sib tov. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov concentration, peb yuav tsum muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Txhawm rau xam qhov concentration ntawm txhua feem ntawm qhov concentration, tus txheeb ze cov nyiaj yaj hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum paub. Muaj ob peb txoj hauv kev los ntsuas qhov concentration, thiab molarity yog ib qho ntawm lawv.
Molarity tseem hu ua molar concentration. Qhov no yog qhov sib piv ntawm cov lej ntawm moles ntawm cov khoom hauv ib lub ntim ntawm cov kuab tshuaj. Conventionally, qhov hnyav ntim yog muab nyob rau hauv cubic meters. Txawm li cas los xij, rau peb txoj kev yooj yim, peb feem ntau siv litres lossis cubic decimeters. Yog li, chav tsev ntawm molarity yog mol ib liter / cubic decimeter (mol l-1, mol dm-3). Chav tsev kuj tau qhia tias yog M. Piv txwv li, ib qho kev daws ntawm I mol ntawm sodium chloride yaj hauv dej muaj molarity ntawm 1 M.
Molarity yog txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas. Piv txwv li, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv xam pH, dissociation constants / equilibrium constants thiab lwm yam. Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj ntawm ib qho kev daws rau nws tus lej molar yuav tsum tau ua kom thiaj li muab cov molar concentration. Ua li no, huab hwm coj muab faib los ntawm qhov hnyav molecular ntawm cov kua. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias peb xav npaj ib 1 M ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate tov, 174.26 g mol-1 (1 mol) ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate yuav tsum tau yaj nyob rau hauv ib liter dej..
Qhov txawv ntawm Mole thiab Molarity yog dab tsi?
• Mole yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm cov khoom, whereas molarity yog ntsuas ntawm qhov concentration.
• Molarity muab lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom muaj nyob hauv qhov sib tov.
• Molarity yog muab raws li moles ntawm ib yam khoom nyob rau hauv ib ntim ntawm cov kuab tshuaj.
• Ib mole yog ib chav uas molarity tsis yog.
