Molarity vs Osmolarity
Kev sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov tshwm sim tseem ceeb, thiab nws tau siv ntau heev hauv chemistry. Nws yog siv los qhia qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm ib yam khoom. Yog tias koj xav txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm tooj liab ions hauv kev daws teeb meem, nws tuaj yeem muab raws li kev ntsuas ntsuas. Tag nrho feem ntau tag nrho cov kev suav tshuaj yog siv cov kev ntsuas concentration los txiav txim siab txog qhov sib tov. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov concentration, peb yuav tsum muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Txhawm rau xam qhov concentration ntawm txhua feem ntawm qhov concentration, tus txheeb ze cov nyiaj yaj hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum paub. Muaj ob peb hom kev los ntsuas qhov concentration. Lawv yog cov concentration, naj npawb concentration, molar concentration, thiab ntim concentration. Tag nrho yog qhov sib piv qhov twg tus lej yog sawv cev tus nqi ntawm cov kua, thiab tus denominator yog sawv cev tus nqi hnyav. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem no, txoj kev ntawm muab lub solute sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, tus denominator yeej ib txwm yog qhov ntim ntawm cov kuab tshuaj.
Molarity
Molarity tseem hu ua molar concentration. Qhov no yog qhov piv ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm ib yam khoom hauv ib lub ntim ntawm cov kuab tshuaj. Conventionally, qhov hnyav ntim yog muab nyob rau hauv cubic meters. Txawm li cas los xij, rau peb txoj kev yooj yim peb feem ntau siv litres lossis cubic decimeters. Yog li, chav tsev ntawm molarity yog mol ib liter / cubic decimeter (mol l-1, mol dm-3). Chav tsev kuj tau qhia tias yog M. Piv txwv li, ib qho kev daws ntawm 1 mol ntawm sodium chloride yaj nyob rau hauv dej muaj ib tug molarity ntawm 1 M. Molarity yog feem ntau siv txoj kev concentration. Piv txwv li, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv xam pH, dissociation constants / equilibrium tas li, thiab lwm yam. Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj ntawm ib qho kev daws rau nws tus lej molar yuav tsum tau ua kom thiaj li muab cov molar concentration. Ua li no, huab hwm coj muab faib los ntawm qhov hnyav molecular ntawm cov kua. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav npaj 1 M ntawm potassium sulfate tov, 174.26 g mol-1 (1 mol) ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate yuav tsum tau yaj hauv ib liter dej.
Osmolarity
Nyob rau hauv osmolarity, tus nqi ntawm solutes yog muab rau hauv osmoles. Tsuas yog cov solutes, uas tuaj yeem sib cais hauv kev daws teeb meem, tau muab rau hauv osmoles. Yog li, osmolarity tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog tus naj npawb ntawm osmoles (Osm) ntawm ib liter (L) ntawm kev daws. Yog li, chav tsev ntawm osmolarity yog Osm / L. Cov ntsev zoo li sodium chloride yog dissociated hauv cov kev daws teeb meem; yog li peb tuaj yeem muab tus nqi osmolarity rau lawv. Piv txwv li, thaum sodium chloride dissociates nws muab Na+ ion thiab Cl– ion. Yog li, thaum 1 mole ntawm NaCl dissolves nyob rau hauv dej, nws muab 2 osmoles ntawm solute hais. Thaum nonionic solutes yaj, lawv tsis dissociate. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsuas muab 1 osmole ntawm solutes rau 1 mole ntawm solute.
Qhov txawv ntawm Molarity thiab Osmolarity yog dab tsi?
• Molarity txhais tau tias tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev ntim ntawm cov tshuaj, tab sis osmolarity txhais tau tias tus naj npawb ntawm osmoles ntawm solute hais ib chav tsev ntim ntawm cov tshuaj.
• Unit of molarity is mol dm-3whereas unit of osmolarity is Osm/L.
• Thaum lub compound tsis tuaj yeem dissociate thaum yaj, osmolarity thiab molarity ntawm cov compound yuav zoo sib xws, tab sis yog hais tias cov compound dissociates lawv yuav txawv.
