Quantum vs Classical Mechanics
Quantum mechanics thiab classical mechanics yog ob lub hauv paus ntawm physics peb paub niaj hnub no. Classical mechanics piav qhia txog tus cwj pwm ntawm lub cev macroscopic, uas muaj qhov nrawm me me piv rau qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb. Quantum mechanics piav qhia txog tus cwj pwm ntawm lub cev microscopic xws li subatomic hais, atoms, thiab lwm lub cev me. Ob qho no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv physics. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo hauv cov haujlwm no txhawm rau ua kom tau zoo hauv txhua qhov ntawm physics. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi quantum mechanics thiab classical mechanics yog, qhov twg lawv siv, lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, qhov zoo sib xws ntawm quantum mechanics thiab classical mechanics, lawv qhov txawv, thiab thaum kawg qhov txawv ntawm quantum mechanics thiab classical mechanics.
Classical Mechanics yog dab tsi?
Classical mechanics yog kev kawm ntawm lub cev macroscopic. Cov kev txav thiab statics ntawm macroscopic lub cev yog tham nyob rau hauv classical mechanics. Classical mechanics muaj peb ceg sib txawv. Lawv yog, uas yog, Newtonian mechanics, Lagrangian mechanics, thiab Hamiltonian mechanics. Peb ceg no yog ua raws li kev ua lej thiab ntau npaum li cas los kawm txog kev txav. Piv txwv li, Newtonian mechanics siv vectors xws li hloov chaw, tshaj tawm, thiab acceleration los kawm txog kev txav ntawm cov khoom, hos Lagrangian mechanics siv zog sib npaug thiab tus nqi ntawm lub zog hloov mus kawm. Txoj kev tsim nyog raug xaiv nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem yuav daws tau. Classical mechanics yog siv rau hauv qhov chaw xws li kev txav ntawm lub ntiaj teb, qhov projectiles, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv lub neej niaj hnub. Nyob rau hauv classical mechanics, lub zog yog kho raws li ib tug nruam kom muaj nuj nqis. Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem siv tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm lub zog hauv classical mechanics.
Quantum Mechanics yog dab tsi?
Quantum mechanics yog kev kawm ntawm lub cev microscopic. Lo lus "quantum" los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub zog ntawm lub tshuab microscopic yog quantized. Txoj kev xav photon yog ib lub hauv paus ntawm quantum mechanics. Nws hais tias lub zog ntawm lub teeb yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm yoj packets. Heisenberg, Max Plank, Albert Einstein yog qee tus kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv kev tsim kho quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics poob rau hauv ob pawg. Thawj qhov yog quantum mechanics ntawm lub cev tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo. Daim teb no kawm txog quantum mechanics ntawm cov khoom nrog me me speeds piv rau qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb. Lwm daim ntawv yog relativistic quantum mechanics, uas kawm cov khoom txav nrog speeds sib xws nrog ceev ntawm lub teeb. Heisenberg qhov tsis paub tseeb Tus Thawj Coj kuj yog ib qho kev xav tseem ceeb heev tom qab quantum mechanics. Nws hais tias lub zog linear ntawm ib qho particle thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom ntawd nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev coj tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas ib txhij nrog 100% raug.
Qhov txawv ntawm Classical Mechanics thiab Quantum Mechanics yog dab tsi?
• Quantum mechanics yog siv rau lub cev microscopic whereas classical mechanics tsuas yog siv tau rau lub cev macroscopic xwb.
• Quantum mechanics tuaj yeem siv rau lub cev macroscopic tab sis classical mechanics tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov tshuab microscopic.
• Classical mechanics tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm quantum mechanics.
• Classical mechanics yog ib thaj chaw tsim kho tag nrho whereas quantum mechanics tseem yog ib qho kev txhim kho.
• Nyob rau hauv classical mechanics, feem ntau ntawm cov teebmeem quantum xws li lub zog quantization, tus thawj coj tsis paub tseeb tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
