Qhov txawv ntawm Luminescence thiab Phosphorescence

Qhov txawv ntawm Luminescence thiab Phosphorescence
Qhov txawv ntawm Luminescence thiab Phosphorescence

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Luminescence thiab Phosphorescence

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Luminescence thiab Phosphorescence
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YLuminescence vs Phosphorescence

Lub teeb yog ib hom ntawm lub zog thiab tsim kom muaj lub teeb lwm hom ntawm lub zog yuav tsum tau siv. Kev tsim lub teeb tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob peb lub tswv yim zoo li hauv qab no.

Luminescence yog dab tsi?

Luminescence yog txheej txheem ntawm emitting lub teeb los ntawm ib yam khoom. Qhov emission no tsis yog vim cua sov; yog li ntawd, nws yog ib daim ntawv ntawm lub cev txias hluav taws xob. Muaj ob peb hom luminescence li bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence, electroluminescence, photoluminescence, thiab lwm yam. Bioluminescence yog lub emission ntawm lub teeb los ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Piv txwv li, fireflies tuaj yeem xav txog. Qhov no yog txheej txheem ntuj tsim. Lub teeb raug tso tawm raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev. Hauv fireflies, thaum cov tshuaj hu ua luciferin reacts nrog oxygen, lub teeb yog tsim. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog catalyzed los ntawm enzyme luciferase. Chemiluminescence yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj. Qhov tseeb, bioluminescence yog hom chemiluminescence. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalyzed ntawm luminal thiab hydrogen peroxide tsim lub teeb. Electrochemiluminescence yog ib hom luminescence tsim thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical.

Fluorescence yog hom luminescence ib yam nkaus. Electrons nyob rau hauv ib tug atom los yog ib tug molecule yuav nqus tau lub zog nyob rau hauv lub electromagnetic hluav taws xob thiab yog li excite rau lub siab zog lub xeev. Lub zog sab sauv no tsis ruaj khov; yog li ntawd, electron nyiam rov qab los rau hauv av. Thaum rov qab los, nws emits lub absorbed wavelength. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem so, lawv emit ntau zog li photons. Cov txheej txheem so no yog hu ua fluorescence. Nyob rau hauv atomic fluorescence, gaseous atoms fluoresce thaum lawv raug hluav taws xob nrog lub wavelength uas raws nraim ib qho ntawm cov kab nqus ntawm lub caij. Piv txwv li, gaseous sodium atoms nqus thiab excite los ntawm absorbing 589 nm hluav taws xob. Kev so yuav tshwm sim tom qab qhov no los ntawm kev rov ua dua ntawm cov hluav taws xob fluorescent ntawm tib lub wavelength.

Phosphorescence yog dab tsi?

Thaum molecules nqus lub teeb thiab mus rau lub xeev zoo siab lawv muaj ob txoj kev xaiv. Lawv tuaj yeem tso tawm lub zog thiab rov qab los rau hauv av tam sim ntawd lossis tuaj yeem ua rau lwm cov txheej txheem tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Yog hais tias lub zog molecule tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem tsis muaj hluav taws xob, nws tso tawm qee lub zog thiab tuaj rau lub xeev triplet qhov twg lub zog me ntsis qis dua lub zog ntawm lub xeev tawm, tab sis nws siab dua lub zog hauv av. Molecules tuaj yeem nyob ntev me ntsis hauv lub zog tsawg dua triplet lub xeev no. Lub xeev no hu ua lub xeev metastable. Tom qab ntawd metastable xeev (triplet xeev) tuaj yeem maj mam lwj los ntawm emitting photons thiab tuaj yeem rov qab los rau hauv av (singlet state). Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, nws yog hu ua phosphorescence.

Qhov txawv ntawm Luminescence thiab Phosphorescence yog dab tsi?

• Luminescence yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam xws li hluav taws xob tam sim no, tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, hluav taws xob nuclear, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam.

• Phosphorescence tseem nyob rau qee lub sijhawm txawm tias tom qab lub teeb pom kev raug tshem tawm. Tab sis luminescence tsis yog li ntawd.

• Photoluminescence tshwm sim thaum lub zog zoo siab tso tawm, thiab cov molecule rov qab los rau hauv av hauv lub xeev los ntawm theem singlet-excited. Phosphorescence tshwm sim thaum lub molecule rov qab los rau hauv av ua lub triplet zoo siab xeev (metastable xeev).

• Lub zog tso tawm hauv cov txheej txheem luminescence siab dua li hauv phosphorescence.

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