Qab Zib vs Qab Zib Cawv
Carbohydrates yog ib pawg ntawm cov tebchaw, uas txhais tau tias "polyhydroxy aldehydes thiab ketones lossis cov khoom siv hydrolyze kom tawm los polyhydroxy aldehydes thiab ketones." Carbohydrates yog hom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic molecules hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm chemical zog rau cov kab mob nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Carbohydrate tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb yam xws li monosaccharides, disaccharides thiab polysaccharides. Monosaccharides yog hom carbohydrate yooj yim tshaj plaws. Monosaccharides raug cais raws li,
- Tus naj npawb ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms nyob hauv cov molecule
- Txawm tias lawv muaj aldehyde lossis keto pawg
Yog li ntawd, monosaccharide nrog rau 6 carbon atoms hu ua hexose. Yog hais tias muaj tsib carbon atoms, ces nws yog ib tug pentose. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov monosaccharide muaj ib pawg aldehyde, nws hu ua aldose. Ib qho monosaccharide nrog pawg keto hu ua ketose.
Sugar
Qab Zib, uas paub tias qab zib hauv saj, yog ib lo lus siv los hais txog sucrose. Sucrose yog cov suab thaj uas peb siv, uas yog hu ua cov suab thaj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv crystalline thiab yog carbohydrate. Nws yog qhov tseeb disaccharide. Qhov no yog qhov feem ntau tshwm sim disaccharide. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov photosynthetic nroj tsuag thiab tau txais kev lag luam los ntawm qab zib cane los yog qab zib beets. Cov mis mos molecular ntawm sucrose yog C12H22O11 Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov piam thaj. thiab fructose los ntawm kev sib txuas glycosidic. Glucose yog monosaccharide uas muaj rau carbon atoms thiab ib pawg aldehyde. Yog li ntawd, nws yog hexose thiab aldose. Nws muaj plaub pawg hydroxyl thiab muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.
Fructose muaj cov qauv hauv qab no. Nws yog hexose qab zib. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj pawg keto, yog li hu ua ketose.
Raws li qabzib, fructose kuj muaj cov qauv monosaccharide yooj yim nrog cov tshuaj formula C6H12O6Thaum tsim lub nplhaib, fructose tsim tsib lub nplhaib, uas yog hemiketal. Yog li thaum lub nplhaib cov qauv ntawm qabzib thiab fructose koom ua sucrose nws muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.
Sucrose yog soluble hauv dej heev. Nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob, nws yuav hydrolyze thiab tawm los qabzib thiab fructose molecules. Sucrose yog qhov tsis muaj qab zib. Yog li ntawd, nws muab cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsis zoo nrog Benedict thiab Tollen cov kev daws teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias sucrose tau kho nrog cov kua qaub thiab tom qab ntawd kuaj nrog cov tshuaj reagents lawv yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Hauv lub xub ntiag, Brazil tab tom tsim cov suab thaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Qab zib yog tsuas yog siv rau kev lag luam zaub mov. Hauv lub cev, sucrose tau hloov mus rau qabzib fructose ua ntej nqus. Cov qib qab zib hauv peb cov zaub mov muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov ntshav qab zib. Cov piam thaj hauv tib neeg cov ntshav yog tswj hwm los ntawm homeostasis mechanism. Insulin thiab glucagon cov tshuaj hormones koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem. Thaum muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav siab, nws hu ua mob ntshav qab zib.
Sugar Alcohol
Qab Zib cawv yog qhov twg carbonyl pawg ntawm cov carbohydrates txo qis rau ib qho cawv. Qhov no tseem hu ua polyol lossis polyalcohol vim muaj pes tsawg tus hydroxyl pawg nyob hauv nws. Qab Zib cawv yog ib hom hydrogenated carbohydrate. Sorbitol, glycerol, ribitol, xylitol, thiab mannitol yog qee yam piv txwv rau qab zib cawv. Qab zib cawv feem ntau yog siv los ua zaub mov ntxiv. Lawv siv los hloov qab zib.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Qab Zib thiab Qab Zib Qab Zib?
• Qab Zib muaj cov pa roj carbonyl tam sim no tab sis, hauv qab zib cawv, tsis muaj pawg carbonyl. Tsuas muaj pawg hydroxyl nyob hauv qab zib cawv.
• Sugar alcohols have general formula H(HCHO)n+1H, whereas qab zib muaj H(HCHO)nHCO.
• Qab zib cawv yog siv los hloov cov suab thaj.
• Qab Zib cawv muaj calories tsawg dua qab zib.
