Qhov txawv ntawm Glucose thiab Fructose

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

Y Glucose vs Fructose

Glucose thiab fructose yog categorized li carbohydrates. Carbohydrates yog ib pawg ntawm cov tebchaw uas txhais tau tias "polyhydroxy aldehydes thiab ketones lossis cov khoom uas hydrolyze kom tawm los polyhydroxy aldehydes thiab ketones." Carbohydrates yog hom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic molecules hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm chemical zog rau cov kab mob nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Carbohydrate tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb yam xws li monosaccharides, disaccharides thiab polysaccharides. Monosaccharides yog hom carbohydrate yooj yim tshaj plaws. Glucose thiab fructose yog monosaccharides. Monosaccharides raug cais raws li,

• Tus naj npawb ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms nyob hauv cov molecule
• Txawm tias lawv muaj aldehyde lossis keto pawg

Yog li ntawd, ib qho monosaccharide nrog rau 6 carbon atoms hu ua hexose. Yog hais tias muaj tsib carbon atoms, ces nws yog ib tug pentose. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov monosaccharide muaj ib pawg aldehyde, nws hu ua aldose. Ib qho monosaccharide nrog pawg keto hu ua ketose.

YGlucose

Glucose yog monosaccharide uas muaj rau carbon atoms thiab ib pawg aldehyde. Yog li ntawd, nws yog hexose thiab aldose. Nws muaj plaub pawg hydroxyl thiab muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.

Txawm hais tias nws tau pom tias yog cov qauv linear, cov piam thaj tuaj yeem muaj raws li cov qauv cyclic ib yam nkaus. Qhov tseeb hauv kev daws, feem ntau ntawm cov molecules yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv cyclic. Thaum ib tug cyclic qauv tsim, lub -OH ntawm carbon 5 yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ether linkage, kaw lub nplhaib nrog carbon 1. Qhov no tsim ib tug rau lub nplhaib qauv. Lub nplhaib tseem hu ua lub nplhaib hemiacetal, vim muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas muaj ether oxygen thiab ib pawg cawv. Vim yog pab pawg dawb aldehyde, qabzib tuaj yeem txo qis. Yog li, nws yog hu ua txo cov suab thaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov piam thaj tseem hu ua dextrose vim, nws tig lub dav hlau polarized rau sab xis.

Thaum muaj hnub ci, hauv cov nroj tsuag, chloroplasts qabzib yog tsim los siv dej thiab carbon dioxide. Cov piam thaj no khaws cia thiab siv los ua lub zog. Tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg tau txais cov piam thaj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov piam thaj hauv tib neeg cov ntshav yog tswj hwm los ntawm homeostasis mechanism. Insulin thiab glucagon cov tshuaj hormones koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem. Thaum muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav siab, nws hu ua mob ntshav qab zib. Kev ntsuas ntshav qab zib ntsuas ntsuas cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas cov ntshav qabzib.

YFructose

Fructose muaj cov qauv hauv qab no. Nws yog hexose qab zib. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj ib pawg keto, yog li hu ua ketose. Fructose feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qab zib cane, qab zib beet, pob kws, thiab lwm yam.

Raws li qabzib, fructose kuj muaj cov qauv monosaccharide yooj yim nrog cov tshuaj formula C₆H₁₂O_{6. Thaum tsim lub nplhaib, fructose tsim tsib lub nplhaib, uas yog hemiketal.}

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Glucose thiab Fructose?

• Fructose thiab qabzib yog isomers. Thiab lawv cov qauv molecular txawv ntawm ib leeg.

• Glucose yog aldose qab zib thiab fructose yog ketose qab zib.

• Nplhaib hom ntawm cov piam thaj yog hemiacetal rau tus tswv cuab lub nplhaib whereas, rau fructose, nws yog hemiketal, tsib lub nplhaib.

• Fructose qab zib dua li qabzib.