Electrode vs Electrolyte
Electrolyte thiab electrode yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tau tham hauv thaj chaw ntawm electrochemistry. Ib qho electrolyte yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm ions. Ib qho electrode yog ib qho khoom siv los tsim kev sib txuas hluav taws xob ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab tsis yog tus neeg xyuas pib. Ob lub ntsiab lus no tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li electrolysis, hlau plating, lub cev chemistry, thermodynamics thiab ntau yam haujlwm. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi electrode thiab electrolyte yog, lawv cov ntsiab lus, qhov sib xws ntawm electrode thiab electrolyte, thiab thaum kawg qhov txawv ntawm electrode thiab electrolyte.
Electrolyte
Electrolyte yog ib lub tswv yim uas tseem ceeb hauv ntau lub tshuab tshuaj. Ib qho electrolyte yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem, uas muaj dawb ions zoo thiab tsis zoo. Ua ntej peb yuav pom tias ion yog dab tsi. Lub molecule muaj cov atoms. Txhua lub atom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov electrons thiab protons. Thaum ib qho hluav taws xob raug tshem tawm ntawm lub atom, cov nqi ntawm lub atom yuav zoo. Qhov no yog hu ua cation. Thaum ib qho hluav taws xob ntxiv rau lub atom, tus nqi ntawm lub atom yuav tsis zoo; yog li, tsim ib qho anion. Raws li ib txwm muaj, txhua qhov kev daws teeb meem muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cations thiab anions. Ob qho electrons dawb los yog dawb ions yuav tsum tau ua hluav taws xob. Ib qho electrolyte yuav ib txwm ua hluav taws xob. Muaj ob hom electrolytes. Ionic kev daws teeb meem xws li Sodium Chloride lossis Potassium Chloride yog hu ua electrolytes muaj zog. Qhov no yog vim tias cov ntawv cog lus no tau sib cais tag nrho hauv cov tshuaj aqueous. Cov tshuaj xws li Acetic acid thiab Ammonium Hydroxide yog lub npe hu ua electrolytes tsis muaj zog. Qhov no yog vim tsuas yog qee qhov ntawm cov molecules tawg ua ions. Cov dej ntshiab yog cov electrolyte uas tsis muaj zog heev thiab yuav luag tsis muaj tam sim no. Feem ntau ntawm cov electrolytes yog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, tab sis cov khoom thiab molten electrolytes kuj muaj.
Electrode
Lub sij hawm electrode yog siv los xa cov kev sib cuag siv los sib txuas hluav taws xob ib feem ntawm cov hlau mus rau qhov tsis yog xim hlau ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Cov khoom siv hauv cov electrodes yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov electrodes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv electrochemical cell tseem hu ua Galvani cell. Electrochemical cell yog tsim los ntawm ib qho electrolyte thiab ob lub electrodes ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Cov hlau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm raug txiav txim nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv teev npe hu ua kev ua si series. Cov hlau uas muaj kev ua haujlwm siab yog nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov koob thiab cov hlau uas muaj kev ua haujlwm tsawg yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov qis kawg ntawm koob. Cov koob no yog ua raws li electrochemical cell.
Qhov txawv ntawm Electrode thiab Electrolyte yog dab tsi?
• Electrolyte yog ib qho nruab nrab rau cov dej ntws tam sim no. Electrode yog qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau ntawm lub voj voog.
• Qhov hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog nyob ntawm ob lub hlau siv thiab cov concentration ntawm cov electrolyte ions. Yog tias ob lub hlau nyob deb sib nrug ntawm cov haujlwm ua haujlwm, lub xov tooj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog cov electrodes yuav tsim kom muaj hluav taws xob siab.
• Rau electrolytes qhov voltage tsuas yog nyob ntawm ion concentration ntawm cov tshuaj.
