Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm carbonate thiab tsis-carbonate hardness yog cov carbonate hardness los ntawm muaj cov carbonate thiab bicarbonate anions, whereas non-carbonate hardness los ntawm sulfate thiab chloride anions.
Hardness tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li lub peev xwm ntawm cov dej los ua cov xab npum. Ob leeg magnesium thiab calcium tuaj yeem ua rau xab npum. Qhov no tsim cov curd uas ua rau cov nplhaib hauv cov dab da dej thiab cov khoom sib xws, nrog rau greying, yellowing, los yog brightness poob nyob rau hauv washable fabrics.
Carbonate Hardness yog dab tsi?
Carbonate hardness tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li kev ntsuas dej hardness uas tshwm sim los ntawm muaj cov carbonate thiab bicarbonate anions. Feem ntau, qhov hardness no qhia nyob rau hauv degrees KH (dKH) los yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ib lab calcium carbonate (ppm CaCO3). Nyob ntawd, ib qho dKH sib npaug 17.848 mg/L (ppm) CaCO3 Piv txwv li, ib qho dKH zoo ib yam li carbonate thiab bicarbonate ions uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov tshuaj ntawm kwv yees li 17.848 milligrams calcium carbonate. ib liter dej. Peb tuaj yeem qhia ob qhov kev ntsuas no hauv mg / l CaCO 3 Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov concentration ntawm carbonate yog qhia zoo li calcium carbonate yog qhov chaw ntawm carbonate ions.
Cov tshuaj aqueous muaj 120 mg NaHCO 3 (baking soda) ib liter dej muaj 1.4285 mmol / l ntawm bicarbonate. Txij li cov molar loj ntawm ci dej qab zib yog 84.007 g / mol, nws yog sib npaug rau carbonate hardness nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj li ntawm 0.71423 mmol / l ntawm calcium carbonate. Los yog lwm yam, peb tuaj yeem qhia nws li 71.485 mg / l ntawm calcium carbonate. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qib KH yog sib npaug rau 17.848 mg / L CaCO3, thiab KH tus nqi rau cov tshuaj no yog 4.0052 degrees.
Non-Carbonate Hardness yog dab tsi?
Non-carbonate hardness tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li ib feem ntawm cov dej tag nrho cov tawv tawv uas tsis tsim los ntawm carbonates tab sis ntawm anions ntawm sulfate. Nws yog qhov ntsuas ntawm magnesium thiab calcium ntsev uas tshwm sim los ntawm bicarbonate thiab carbonate ntsev xws li magnesium chloride thiab calcium sulfate. Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tag nrho hardness nrog rau carbonate hardness.
lo lus no tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li kev ntsuas ntawm magnesium thiab calcium ntsev ib sab ntawm bicarbonate thiab carbonate ntsev, suav nrog calcium sulfate thiab magnesium chloride. Feem ntau, cov dej tig nyuaj thaum tuaj cuag nrog divalent, soluble, thiab metallic cations. Non-carbonate hardness yuav tsis precipitated los ntawm boiling, thiab cov anions yuav ua rau cov dej ntau corrosive. Feem ntau, lo lus no yog hloov los ntawm lub sij hawm mus tas li hardness, uas muaj tib lub ntsiab lus.
Qhov txawv ntawm Carbonate thiab Non-Carbonate Hardness yog dab tsi?
Carbonate hardness yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm dej hardness uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm muaj carbonate thiab bicarbonate anions thaum uas tsis yog-carbonate hardness yog ib tug ntsuas ntawm dej hardness uas tsis tsim los ntawm carbonates tab sis ntawm anions ntawm sulfate. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm carbonate thiab non-carbonate hardness yog carbonate hardness los ntawm muaj carbonate thiab bicarbonate anions, whereas non-carbonate hardness los ntawm sulfate thiab chloride anions. Ntxiv mus, carbonate hardness yuav tsis raug tshem tawm los ntawm boiling vim hais tias nws muaj peev xwm tsim los nag, thaum uas tsis yog-carbonate hardness yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm boiling vim hais tias nws tsis ua rau nag lossis daus.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov carbonate thiab tsis yog-carbonate hardness hauv daim ntawv tabular rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Carbonate vs Non-Carbonate Hardness
Qhov nyuaj ntawm cov dej yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej vim tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev ntawm cov dej. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm carbonate thiab non-carbonate hardness yog carbonate hardness los ntawm muaj carbonate thiab bicarbonate anions, whereas non-carbonate hardness los ntawm sulfate thiab chloride anions.
