Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm distillation thiab chromatography yog qhov distillation yog siv los cais cov khoom hauv cov kua tsis hloov pauv, qhov chromatography tuaj yeem siv los cais cov khoom uas feem ntau tsis hloov pauv.
Ob qho tib si distillation thiab chromatography yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom sib txawv hauv qhov sib xyaw ua ke.
Distillation yog dab tsi?
Distillation yog xaiv boiling thiab tom qab condensation ntawm ib feem ntawm cov kua sib tov. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib txoj kev sib cais pab tau nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si nce lub concentration ntawm ib co tivthaiv nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov los yog tau txais cov ntshiab Cheebtsam los ntawm cov sib tov. Cov txheej txheem no muab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov khoom hauv cov kua sib tov los ntawm kev yuam ib qho ntawm cov khoom no mus rau hauv lub xeev gaseous. Txawm li cas los xij, distillation tsis yog tshuaj lom neeg; peb tuaj yeem xav txog nws txoj kev sib cais.
Daim duab 01: Distillation
Muaj ntau yam txheej txheem distillation, xws li yooj yim distillation, fractional distillation, chav distillation, nqus distillation, luv txoj kev distillation, thiab cheeb tsam distillation.
Hauv chav kuaj, peb tuaj yeem ua distillation siv cov khoom sib tov ntawm cov kua sib tov, thaum nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv feem ntau yog ua kom tau txais thiab tswj cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom xav tau.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom cais cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab ua kom huv. Qhov no yog vim hais tias, nyob rau hauv lub boiling point ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm cov kua, tag nrho nws volatile constituents boil tib lub sij hawm. Ntawm no, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv qhov tshwm sim vapor sib tov nyob ntawm qhov kev koom tes ntawm cov khoom ntawd rau tag nrho cov vapor siab ntawm qhov sib tov. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem mloog cov tebchaw uas muaj qhov siab dua nyob rau hauv lub vapor, tab sis cov tebchaw nrog qis ib nrab siab yog concentrated hauv cov kua.
Chromatography yog dab tsi?
Chromatography yog cov txheej txheem analytical muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev sib cais cov khoom sib xyaw. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov qauv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yog ua ke nrog cov kua los yog gaseous mobile theem. Lub sijhawm mobile no tau dhau los ntawm theem nyob ruaj khov. Feem ntau, ib qho ntawm ob theem yog hydrophilic, thiab lwm yam yog lipophilic. Cov khoom sib xyaw hauv cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas sib xyaw tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov theem mobile thiab nyob ruaj khov sib txawv. Lub polarity ntawm cov theem no thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv cov qauv no. Cov khoom siv yuav siv sijhawm ntau lossis tsawg dua nrog txhua theem, uas ua rau muaj ntau dua lossis tsawg dua los ntawm cov theem no. Siv cov kev sib cuam tshuam no, peb tuaj yeem cais cov khoom hauv qhov sib tov.
Lub sijhawm khaws cia yog lub sijhawm txhua qhov piv txwv yuav siv los hais txog theem nyob ruaj khov. Thaum cov khoom hla dhau los ntawm lub ntsuas ntsuas, lub teeb liab raug kaw thiab muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm chromatogram.
Daim duab 02: Kem Chromatography
Muaj plaub hom kev chromatographic loj: adsorption chromatography, TLC lossis nyias txheej chromatography, kem chromatography, thiab muab faib chromatography. Nyob rau hauv adsorption chromatography, sib txawv tebchaw yuav adsorbed ntawm lub adsorbent nyob rau hauv txawv degrees, nyob ntawm seb lub absorptivity ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. Nyias txheej chromatography yog ib qho yooj yim-rau- nqa tawm txoj kev uas peb siv lub iav phaj coated nrog ib tug nyias txheej ntawm adsorbent (xws li, silica gel), uas yog ib feem rau hauv lub mobile theem rau kev sib cais. Kem chromatography siv ib kem ntim nrog rau theem nyob ruaj khov, thiab cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau dhau los ntawm kab ntawv no nrog rau theem mobile. Muab faib chromatography, ntawm qhov tod tes, siv qhov sib txawv tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv ib theem nyob ruaj khov thiab theem mobile.
Qhov txawv ntawm Distillation thiab Chromatography yog dab tsi?
Distillation thiab chromatography yog cov txheej txheem kev tshuaj xyuas tseem ceeb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm distillation thiab chromatography yog tias distillation yog siv los cais cov khoom hauv cov kua tsis hloov pauv, thaum chromatography tuaj yeem siv los cais cov khoom uas feem ntau tsis hloov pauv.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm distillation thiab chromatography.
Summary – Distillation vs Chromatography
Distillation yog xaiv boiling thiab tom qab condensation ntawm ib feem ntawm cov kua sib tov. Chromatography yog cov txheej txheem analytical muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev sib cais cov khoom hauv kev sib tov. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm distillation thiab chromatography yog tias distillation yog siv los cais cov khoom hauv cov kua tsis hloov pauv, thaum chromatography tuaj yeem siv los cais cov khoom uas feem ntau tsis hloov pauv.
