Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm RNA Viruses thiab retroviruses yog cov kab mob RNA yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib leeg-kab lossis ob-kab RNA raws li lawv cov khoom siv caj ces, thaum cov kab mob retroviruses yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib leeg-stranded RNA raws li lawv cov khoom siv caj ces tab sis siv. DNA intermediates hauv lawv lub neej voj voog.
Kev faib kab mob yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sau npe cov kab mob thiab muab tso rau hauv cov kab ke sau se. Cov txheej txheem no zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm uas siv rau cov kab mob ntawm tes. Raws li hom nucleic acids, cov kab mob tuaj yeem raug faib ua cov kab mob DNA (adenovirus, human parvovirus), RNA viruses (rotavirus), thiab cov kab mob thim rov qab (retrovirus).
RNA Viruses yog dab tsi?
RNA kab mob yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib leeg-stranded lossis ob-stranded RNA raws li lawv cov khoom siv caj ces. Raws li International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), cov kab mob RNA yog cov kab mob uas muaj nyob hauv pawg III, pawg IV, lossis pawg V ntawm B altimore kev faib tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li xyoo 2020, txhua tus kab mob RNA paub uas encode RNA-directed RNA polymerases tuaj nyob rau hauv ib pawg monophyletic hu ua realm Riboviria. Feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob RNA no poob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj ntawm Orthornavirae, thiab lwm tus kab mob RNA tseem tsis tau txhais.
Daim duab 01: RNA Viruses
Cov kab mob RNA ib leeg muaj xws li enterovirus, rhinovirus, Norwalk virus, kab mob khaub thuas A, B, C, kab mob rabies, kab mob Ebola, kab mob siab E, thiab lwm yam. Ob-stranded RNA kab mob suav nrog reovirus thiab rotavirus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob RNA feem ntau muaj kev hloov pauv siab heev piv rau cov kab mob DNA. Qhov no yog vim tus kab mob RNA polymerases ntawm cov kab mob RNA tsis muaj peev xwm ua pov thawj ntawm DNA polymerases. Qee cov kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg los ntawm cov kab mob RNA muaj xws li mob khaub thuas, SARS, MERS, mob npaws, mob khaub thuas, mob khaub thuas, kab mob siab C, kab mob siab E, mob npaws West Nile, kab mob Ebola, kab mob rabies, polio mumps, thiab qhua pias.
Retroviruses yog dab tsi?
Retroviruses yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib leeg-stranded RNA raws li lawv cov khoom siv caj ces thiab rov ua dua siv DNA nruab nrab. Thaum kis kab mob nrog cov kab mob retroviruses, retroviral RNA hloov mus rau hauv DNA, uas tig mus rau hauv DNA ntawm tus tswv tsev cell. Tom qab ntawd lub cell tsim ntau retroviruses uas tuaj yeem kis tau rau lwm lub hlwb thiab. Qhov rov qab transcriptase enzyme yog siv los ntawm retroviruses los tsim DNA los ntawm lawv cov RNA genome. Cov DNA tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv lub cell genome los ntawm ib qho retroviral integrase enzyme.
Daim duab 02: Retroviruses
Txawm tias cov kab mob retroviruses muaj cov tsev neeg sib txawv, lawv muaj peb pab pawg. Lawv yog oncoretroviruses, lentiviruses, thiab spumaviruses. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau tus kab mob retroviruses ua rau mob hnyav rau tib neeg, lwm yam tsiaj txhu, thiab noog. Tib neeg retroviruses HIV-1 thiab HIV-2 ua rau mob AIDS. Tib neeg T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) ua rau neeg laus T cell leukemia/lymphoma. Cov kab mob murine leukemia (MLVs) ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv nas. Retroviruses yog cov cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv molecular biology, thiab lawv tau ua tiav hauv kev xa cov noob.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm RNA Viruses thiab Retroviruses?
- RNA Viruses thiab retroviruses yog ob hom kab mob uas muaj RNA ua cov khoom siv caj ces.
- Ob hom kab mob muaj cov enzymes tshwj xeeb uas pab lawv ua kom tiav lawv lub neej.
- Cov kab mob no muaj qhov hloov pauv siab.
- Ob hom kab mob no siv tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj ua tswv.
- Lawv ua rau mob hnyav rau tib neeg.
Qhov txawv ntawm RNA Viruses thiab Retroviruses yog dab tsi?
RNA cov kab mob yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib leeg-kab lossis ob-kab RNA ua lawv cov khoom siv caj ces, thaum cov kab mob retroviruses yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib leeg-stranded RNA raws li lawv cov khoom siv caj ces tab sis siv DNA intermediates hauv lawv lub neej voj voog. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm RNA Viruses thiab retroviruses. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus tswv tsev ntawm cov kab mob RNA suav nrog tib neeg, tsiaj txhu, nroj tsuag, thiab cov fungi, thaum cov tswv tsev ntawm cov kab mob retroviruses suav nrog tib neeg, tsiaj txhu, thiab noog.
Cov ntawv qhia hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm RNA Viruses thiab retroviruses hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – RNA Viruses vs Retroviruses
Ob RNA Viruses thiab retroviruses muaj RNA ua cov khoom siv caj ces. Cov kab mob RNA yog ib pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob RNA uas muaj ib leeg-stranded lossis ob-stranded RNA ua lawv cov khoom siv caj ces. Retroviruses yog cov kab mob uas muaj ib leeg-stranded RNA raws li lawv cov khoom siv caj ces, tab sis lawv siv DNA intermediates hauv lawv lub neej voj voog. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm RNA Viruses thiab retroviruses.
