Qhov txawv ntawm 16s thiab 18s rRNA yog tias 16s rRNA yog ib feem ntawm 30S subunit hauv prokaryotic ribosomes thaum 18s rRNA yog ib feem ntawm 40S subunit hauv eukaryotic ribosomes.
Ribosomal RNA lossis rRNA yog cov qauv ntawm ribosomes. rRNA koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov protein synthesis. Ribosomes ntawm eukaryotes thiab prokaryotes sib txawv. Eukaryotes muaj 80s ribosomes, thaum prokaryotes muaj 70s ribosomes. Lub rRNA muaj pes tsawg leeg kuj txawv ntawm ob lub ribosomes. Thaum cov subunits me me ntawm eukaryotic ribosome muaj 18s rRNA, me me subunits ntawm prokaryotic ribosome muaj 16s rRNA.
16s rRNA yog dab tsi?
16srRNA lossis 16s ribosomal RNA yog ib feem ntawm 30s subunit ntawm prokaryotic ribosome. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib feem ntawm lub subunit me me ntawm ribosome. Lub 16s rRNA plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ruaj khov ntawm kev txhais lus nrog rau ribosome. Lub 16s rRNA khi rau qhov ci Dalgarno ib ntus ntawm prokaryotic mRNA los pib txhais lus. Nws kuj khi nrog 23s rRNA los sib sau ua ke me me thiab loj subunits ntawm ribosome.
Figure 01: 16s rRNA
Lub 16s rRNA noob muaj nyob rau hauv genome ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob. Nws yog ib cheeb tsam ntev, tshwj xeeb, thiab kev txuag ntawm cov kab mob genome. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb pom ntawm 16s rRNA cheeb tsam hauv cov kab mob yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob phylogenetic. Hauv qhov no, universal primers tuaj yeem tsim los ua kom nrov rau thaj tsam 16s rRNA ua raws li kev sib txuas.
18s rRNA yog dab tsi?
18s rRNA lossis 18s ribosomal RNA yog ib feem ntawm eukaryotic ribosomal subunit 40s. Yog li, nws yog ib feem ntawm lub me me subunit ntawm eukaryotic ribosome. 18s rRNA cuam tshuam nrog ribosome ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev pib txhais lus hauv eukaryotes.
Figure 02: 18s rRNA
Gene coding rau 18s rRNA yog 18s rRNA noob. Cov kab ke los ntawm cov noob no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam molecular kom rov tsim kho keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob evolutionary vim tias lawv yog thaj chaw khaws cia siab heev. 18s rRNA muaj kev daws teeb meem siab rau kev tshawb fawb taxonomic hauv fungi qhov twg hauv cheeb tsam hauv transcribed spacer (ITS) ntawm 18s rRNA feem ntau yog siv rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob fungal raws li cov kab mob fungal. ITS cheeb tsam feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam metagenomic.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws Ntawm 16s thiab 18s rRNA?
- 16s thiab 18s rRNA yog ib feem ntawm lub subunit me me ntawm ribosome.
- Ob leeg 16s thiab 18s rRNA pom nyob rau hauv cytoplasm.
- Ob leeg muaj cov noob sib xws nrog cov kab ke tshwj xeeb.
- Ntxiv mus, ob qho tib si tseem ceeb hauv kev pib txhais lus.
- Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshuaj xyuas phylogenetic.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tseem ceeb hauv kev kwv yees kev hloov pauv ntawm hom.
Qhov txawv ntawm 16s thiab 18s rRNA yog dab tsi?
16s RNA pom muaj nyob rau hauv 30s subunit ntawm prokaryotic ribosome. 18s rRNA pom muaj raws li ib feem ntawm 40s subunit ntawm eukaryotic ribosome. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm 16s thiab 18s rRNA. 16s rRNA muaj nyob rau hauv prokaryotes, thaum 18s rRNA muaj nyob rau hauv eukaryotes. Ntxiv mus, cov gene uas codes rau 16s rRNA yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov kab mob hom kab mob thiab taxonomy, thaum lub 18s rRNA noob yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv fungal identification thiab faib.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 16s thiab 18s rRNA hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – 16s vs 18s rRNA
Ribosomal RNA lossis rRNA yog cov khoom siv ntawm cov ribosome thiab tsim cov txheej txheem thib ob hauv kev lees paub qhov chaw khaws cia ntawm mRNAs thiab tRNAs. 16srRNA yog ib feem ntawm 30s subunit ntawm prokaryotic ribosome. 18s rRNA yog ib feem ntawm 40s subunit ntawm eukaryotic ribosome. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm 16s thiab 18s rRNA. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si tsim ib feem ntawm me me subunit ntawm ribosome. Cov noob uas cov cai rau ob qho tib si 16s thiab 18s rRNA ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshuaj xyuas phylogenetic ntawm hom vim tias cov noob no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
