Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras yog txoj haujlwm ntawm cov noob caj noob ces lub luag haujlwm rau cov protein. Cov noob rau H-ras nyob hauv chromosome 11 thaum K-ras nyob hauv chromosome 12, thiab N-ras nyob hauv chromosome 1.
RAS cov proteins yog ib pawg ntawm cov proteins uas pab ua kom lub zog ntawm tes taw qhia cov txheej txheem hloov pauv uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua kom lub voj voog ntawm tes. RAS proteins tuaj yeem qhib lub teeb liab cascade uas thaum kawg ua kom cov ntaub ntawv hloov mus rau kev pab hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes. Yog li, H-ras, K-ras, thiab N-ras ua raws li GTPases.
H-ras yog dab tsi?
H-ras, muab los ntawm Harvey Rat sarcoma virus, yog ib qho enzyme tseem hu ua hloov pauv protein P21. HRAS gene codes cov protein no. Cov noob no nyob hauv sab caj npab ntawm 11th chromosome. H-ras protein tau koom nrog hauv kev ua kom txoj hauv kev MAP - K thaum khi rau GTP. Yog li, nws tseem hu ua GTPase H-ras. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm H-ras yog tswj hwm kev faib tawm ntawm tes. Qhov kev ua haujlwm yog H-ras yog nyob rau hauv teb rau kev loj hlob stimulation. Kev ua kom H-ras tsim lub teeb liab cascade mechanism uas txhawb nqa cell proliferation. Kev sib txuas ntawm H-ras protein tshwm sim ntawm lub cell membrane. Ua raws li qhov kev khi no, txoj kev teeb liab hloov pauv tau qhib.
Daim duab 01: H-ras Protein
Kev hloov pauv hauv HRAS cov noob tuaj yeem ua rau qhov pib mob qog noj ntshav vim nws ua raws li proto-oncogene. Yog li ntawd, tom qab kev hloov pauv, cov hlwb ib txwm hloov mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. HRAS kev hloov pauv feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub zais zis, thyroid, salivary duct carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, thiab mob raum.
K-ras yog dab tsi?
K-ras, muab los ntawm Kirsten nas sarcoma tus kab mob, yog cov protein uas tuaj yeem ua raws li GTPase los kho cov teeb liab ntawm tes los ua kom RAS / MAPK txoj hauv kev. Cov protein no belongs rau pawg p21 ntawm cov proteins. Nws tsuas yog pab hauv kev taw qhia rau kev loj hlob ntawm tes, sib txawv, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb tshwj xeeb.
Daim duab 02: K-ras Function
K-ras protein ua raws li lub teeb liab nuclear. K-ras gene tau dhau los ua lwm txoj kev sib txuas los tsim ob yam khoom lag luam - K-ras4A thiab K-ras4B. K-ras plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom cov teeb liab hloov pauv cov txheej txheem hauv kev tswj cov piam thaj ib yam. Kev hloov pauv hauv K-ras noob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav xws li mob qog noj ntshav thiab qog nqaij hlav hauv plab vim nws ua raws li proto-oncogene.
N-ras yog dab tsi?
N-ras, muab tau los ntawm cov hlwb neuroblastoma, kuj yog ib hom protein uas muaj nyob hauv GTPase pawg proteins. N-ras kuj pab ua kom lub teeb liab hloov pauv mechanism thiab lub teeb liab cascade teej tug mus rau lub activation ntawm RASK txoj kev. Yog li, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los pab tswj lub voj voog ntawm tes.
Daim duab 03: N-ras
N-ras noob uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nkag siab cov protein qhia txog ob daim ntawv sau los ntawm kev sib txuas sib txuas. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog raws li C terminal amino acids ntawm ob yam khoom. N-ras kuj yog ib qho proto-oncogene thiab, yog li thaum hloov pauv, yuav ua rau muaj kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm hom melanoma.
H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras yog dab tsi?
- H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras yog cov proteins ntawm RAS pawg proteins.
- Lawv yog GTPase proteins.
- Ntxiv mus, tag nrho peb lub noob tuaj yeem ua raws li proto-oncogenes los pab txhawb kev pib mob qog noj ntshav.
- Tag nrho peb cov proteins qhib lub teeb liab hloov cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev ua kom cov teeb liab cascades.
- Lawv pab ua kom txoj hauv kev MAPK.
- Txhua peb cov proteins tswj lub voj voog ntawm tes, kev loj hlob, kev sib txawv, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb.
- Kev hloov pauv hauv tag nrho peb cov protein tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm genomics, transcriptomics, lossis kev tshawb fawb proteomics.
H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras yog dab tsi?
Thaum tag nrho peb cov proteins H-ras, K-ras, thiab N-ras, koom nrog tib pab pawg RAS proteins, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras yog nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm cov gene. Cov noob rau H-ras nyob hauv chromosome 11 thaum K-ras nyob hauv chromosome 12, thiab N-ras nyob hauv chromosome 1. Lwm qhov txawv ntawm H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras yog K-ras thiab N-ras feem ntau qhia cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv vim muaj kev sib txuas sib txuas thaum H -ras tsis qhia ib qho.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – H-ras vs K-ras vs N-ras
Kev sib txawv ntawm RAS tsev neeg cov proteins ua rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm cov proteins nyob rau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras yog nyob ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob. Cov noob ntawm H-ras, K-ras, thiab N-ras yog nyob rau hauv chromosomes 11, 12, thiab 1, feem. Yog li, H-ras yog muab los ntawm Harvey nas sarcoma virus, K-ras yog muab los ntawm Kirsten rat sarcoma virus, thiab N-ras yog muab los ntawm cov hlwb neuroblastoma hauv tib neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho peb cov proteins ua haujlwm tib yam hauv kev ua haujlwm raws li GTPase protein nyob rau hauv kev ua kom lub xov tooj ntawm tes taw qhia txoj hauv kev. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm ras proteins, tom qab kev hloov pauv, lawv ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm H-ras K-ras thiab N-ras.
