Qhov txawv ntawm drosha thiab dicer yog tias drosha yog ribonuclease III enzyme uas hloov pri-microRNA rau pre-microRNA thaum dicer yog ribonuclease III enzyme uas hloov ua ntej microRNA rau microRNA paub tab.
MicroRNA yog ib qho me me uas tsis yog-coding RNA molecule uas muaj txog 22 nucleotides. Nws muaj nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, thiab qee yam kab mob. Nws ib txwm ua haujlwm hauv RNA silencing thiab post-transcriptional kev cai ntawm noob qhia. MicroRNA yog synthesized raws li ntev RNA thawj cov ntawv sau npe hu ua pri-microRNA (primary microRNA). Tom qab ntawd, nws hloov mus rau microRNA paub tab. Qhov kev tshwm sim no hu ua microRNA ua. Ntau cov enzymes koom nrog hauv kev ua microRNA. Drosha thiab dicer yog ob lub ribonuclease III enzymes koom nrog hauv microRNA ua.
Drosha yog dab tsi?
Drosha yog chav kawm 2 ribonuclease III enzyme coded los ntawm tib neeg cov noob DROSHA. Nws feem ntau yog ib qho enzyme nuclease koom nrog hauv thawj kauj ruam ntawm microRNA ua. Drosha enzyme tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub nucleus ntawm lub cell. Ntxiv mus, cov enzyme no ua haujlwm zoo nrog DGCR8 hauv microRNA ua. Tib neeg drosha tau cloned thawj zaug hauv xyoo 2000. Lwm cov enzymes koom nrog hauv kev ua microRNA hauv kev sib raug zoo rau cov enzyme no yog dicer thiab argonaute. Ob leeg drosha thiab DGCR8 yog nyob rau hauv lub cell nucleus, qhov twg pri-microRNA hloov mus rau pre-microRNA. Nquag, microRNA molecule yog synthesized li ntev RNA transcript hu ua pri-microRNA, uas yog cleaved los ntawm drosha enzyme los tsim ib tug yam ntxwv qia-loop qauv hu ua pre-microRNA (70 puag khub).
Daim duab 01: Drosha
Drosha enzyme muaj nyob ua ib feem ntawm cov protein complex hu ua microprocessor complex. Cov complex no kuj muaj DGCR8 protein. Qhov no DGCR8 protein yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua drosha. Tsis tas li ntawd, drosha kuj koom nrog hauv DNA kev puas tsuaj teb. Drosha thiab lwm yam enzymes hauv kev ua microRNA yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv raug txo qis hauv qee hom mob qog noj ntshav mis. Qhov txawv ntawm drosha protein hu ua c-drosha zoo nkaus li muaj ntau yam mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav.
Dicer yog dab tsi?
Dicer yog ribonuclease III enzyme uas hloov ua ntej microRNA rau microRNA paub tab. Nws yog encoded los ntawm tib neeg noob hu ua DICER1. Cov enzyme no yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm RNase III superfamily. Nws tseem hu ua endoribonuclease dicer lossis helicase nrog RNase motif. Feem ntau, dicer cleaves ob-stranded RNA thiab pre-microRNA (precursor microRNA) rau hauv luv ob-stranded RNA fragments (me me cuam tshuam RNA) thiab microRNA, feem. A 2nt 3 'overhang generated nyob rau hauv pre-microRNA los ntawm drosha yog lees paub los ntawm dicer nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm. Dicer tseem koom nrog hauv cov txheej xwm hauv qab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm microRNA. Tom qab ntawd, pre-microRNA tau ua tiav los ntawm RNase dicer rau hauv microRNA paub tab hauv cytoplasm ntawm lub xovtooj.
Daim duab 02: Dicer
Zoo ib yam li drosha, lub dicer enzyme kuj koom nrog hauv DNA kev puas tsuaj teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev tsom xam ntawm lub ntsws thiab lub zes qe menyuam qog noj ntshav, cov tsos mob tsis zoo thiab cov neeg mob tsawg zuj zus lub sij hawm muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis dicer thiab dosha qhia. Yog li, kev hloov pauv ntawm dicer tuaj yeem ua rau qog nqaij hlav.
Drosha thiab Dicer yog dab tsi?
- Drosha thiab dicer yog ob lub ribonuclease III enzymes koom nrog hauv microRNA ua.
- Ob leeg yog protein molecules ua los ntawm cov amino acids.
- Cov enzymes no tuaj yeem tshem RNA molecules rau hauv cov khoom tawg.
- Lawv koom nrog DNA kev puas tsuaj teb ib yam.
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm drosha thiab dicer tuaj yeem ua rau qog nqaij hlav.
- Qee microRNAs tsis tas yuav drosha lossis dicer mediated cleavage.
Qhov txawv ntawm Drosha thiab Dicer yog dab tsi?
Drosha yog ribonuclease III enzyme uas hloov pri-microRNA rau pre-microRNA thaum dicer yog ribonuclease III enzyme uas hloov ua ntej microRNA rau microRNA paub tab. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm drosha thiab dicer. Tsis tas li ntawd, drosha yog ib qho ribonuclease enzyme tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub nucleus ntawm lub cell, thaum dicer yog ib tug ribonuclease enzyme uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm ntawm lub cell.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm drosha thiab dicer hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Drosha vs Dicer
MicroRNA ua yog ib qho kev tshwm sim uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cell uas tej yam enzymes hloov thawj microRNA mus rau microRNA paub tab. Drosha thiab dicer yog ob lub ribonuclease III enzymes koom nrog hauv microRNA ua. Drosha enzyme converts pri-microRNA rau pre-microRNA thaum dicer enzyme converts pre-microRNA rau mature microRNA. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm drosha thiab dicer.
