Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov proteinogenic thiab cov amino acids uas tsis yog-proteinogenic yog cov proteinogenic amino acids koom nrog hauv tiam neeg ntawm cov protein, qhov uas tsis yog-proteinogenic amino acids tsis koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov amino acids.
Proteinogenic amino acids yog cov amino acids uas tau muab tso rau hauv cov proteins los ntawm kev txhais cov txheej txheem biosynthetically. Cov amino acids uas tsis yog-proteinogenic amino acids yog cov amino acids uas tsis tau muab tso rau hauv cov proteins.
YProteinogenic Amino Acids yog dab tsi?
Proteinogenic amino acids yog cov amino acids uas tau muab tso rau hauv cov proteins los ntawm kev txhais biosynthetically. Lo lus no yog hais txog "protein-creating amino acids". Raws li kev tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb, muaj 22 genetic encoded los yog proteinogenic amino acids. Ntawm lawv, 20 amino acids yog cov txheej txheem genetic code, thaum lwm cov amino acids tau muab tso rau hauv cov proteins los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb.
Daim duab 01: Daim ntawv teev cov Proteinogenic Amino Acids
Feem ntau, hauv eukaryotes, tsuas muaj 21 proteinogenic amino acids uas suav nrog 20 tus qauv genetic coding amino acids thiab selenocysteine. Ntawm cov amino acids no, tib neeg muaj peev xwm tsim tau 12 amino acids los ntawm ib leeg los yog los ntawm cov molecules ntawm intermediary metabolism. Txawm li cas los xij, tus so ntawm cov amino acids (9 amino acids) yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm sab nraud, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov protein-derivative forms. Yog li, cov amino acids no hu ua cov amino acids tseem ceeb; Cov npe no suav nrog histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, thiab valine.
Daim duab 02: Catabolism ntawm Proteinogenic Amino Acids
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov amino acids no raws li cov khoom ntawm cov khoom kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas lawv koom nrog. Cov chav kawm no suav nrog glucogenic amino acids, ketogenic amino acids, thiab lwm yam amino acids uas tuaj yeem catabolized rau hauv ob qho tib si glucogenic. thiab cov khoom ketogenic.
Dab tsi yog Non-proteinogenic Amino Acids?
Non-proteinogenic amino acids yog cov amino acids uas tsis tau muab tso rau hauv cov proteins. Cov no kuj muaj npe tsis yog-coded amino acids. Muaj txog 140 qhov tshwm sim uas tsis yog-proteinogenic amino acids. Cov amino acids no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua intermediates nyob rau hauv biosynthesis, nyob rau hauv lub post-translational tsim ntawm cov proteins, nyob rau hauv lub physiological luag hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv natural thiab man-made pharmacological tebchaw, thiab lwm yam.
Non-proteinogenic amino acids tuaj yeem yog ntuj lossis hluavtaws. Cov amino acids no tsis yog ib txwm encoded los yog pom nyob rau hauv genetic code ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Cov piv txwv feem ntau rau hom amino acid no suav nrog Ornithine, citrulline, Gamma-aminobutyric acid, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Proteinogenic thiab Non-proteinogenic Amino Acids yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau yam amino acids uas peb tuaj yeem faib ua ntau pawg sib txawv raws li lawv cov khoom. Proteinogenic thiab non-proteinogenic amino acids yog ob chav kawm ntawm cov amino acids. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov proteinogenic thiab cov amino acids uas tsis yog-proteinogenic yog cov proteinogenic amino acids koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov proteins, thaum cov amino acids uas tsis yog-proteinogenic tsis koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov amino acids. Yog li ntawd, proteinogenic amino acids tau muab tso rau hauv cov proteins thaum lub sij hawm kev txhais lus, whereas non-proteinogenic amino acids tsis tau muab tso rau hauv cov proteins thaum lub sij hawm txhais lus.
Cov lus hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov proteinogenic thiab non-proteinogenic amino acids kom ntxaws.
Summary – Proteinogenic vs Non-proteinogenic Amino Acids
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov amino acids rau hauv ntau pawg sib txawv raws li lawv cov khoom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov proteinogenic thiab cov amino acids uas tsis yog-proteinogenic yog cov proteinogenic amino acids koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov proteins, qhov uas tsis yog-proteinogenic amino acids tsis koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov amino acids.
