Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allosteric thiab non-allosteric enzymes yog tias allosteric enzymes muaj allosteric qhov chaw uas tsis yog lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm rau kev khi ntawm kev tswj cov molecules, thaum cov enzymes uas tsis yog-allosteric tsuas muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm los khi nrog cov substrate.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tswj enzyme. Allosteric regulation yog ib hom kev tswj enzyme. Allosteric regulation yog yooj yim los ntawm enzymes hu ua allosteric enzymes. Regulatory molecules khi rau cov chaw allosteric uas muaj los ntawm cov enzyme thiab tswj cov kev ua haujlwm enzymatic. Yog li ntawd, allosteric enzymes hu ua kev tswj enzymes ib yam nkaus. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov enzymes allosteric yog tias lawv muaj qhov chaw ntxiv uas tsis yog lub vev xaib tseem ceeb.
Dab tsi yog Allosteric Enzymes?
Allosteric enzymes yog ib hom enzymes uas muaj allosteric qhov chaw rau kev khi ntawm kev tswj cov molecules. Cov chaw no yog nyob rau hauv cov protein subunits sib txawv ntawm cov enzyme. Kev tswj hwm molecule tuaj yeem yog tus inhibitor lossis activator. Thaum ib qho inhibitor khi rau lub enzyme, qhov kev ua ntawm enzyme txo. Thaum tus activator khi rau lub enzyme, enzymatic muaj nuj nqi nce. Hom kev tswj hwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm enzymatic no hu ua allosteric regulation. Ib qho allosteric enzyme yog tshwj xeeb rau nws cov substrate thiab nws cov tswj molecules (modulators). Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm kev tswj hwm molecule / modulator nrog cov enzyme yog thim rov qab thiab tsis yog-covalent. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalyzed los ntawm ib qho allosteric enzyme qhia tau hais tias ib tug sigmoidal nkhaus.
Daim duab 01: Allosteric Inhibition
Txoj cai Allosteric tshwm sim raws li kev tawm tswv yim mechanism. Hauv kev tawm tswv yim tsis zoo inhibition, kev tswj hwm molecule yog ib qho inhibitor, thiab nws inhibits cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim zoo mechanism, ib tug effector molecule los yog activator uas khi rau allosteric site tsub kom tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kev khi ntawm allosteric modulator rau ib qho allosteric enzyme hloov pauv cov protein, yog li cuam tshuam rau nws txoj haujlwm. Pyruvate kinase, ribonucleotide reductase, aspartate transcarbamoylase thiab ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm allosteric enzymes.
Dab tsi yog Non-allosteric Enzymes?
Non-allosteric enzymes yog cov enzymes uas tsis ua cov chaw allosteric uas tsis yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog cov enzymes yooj yim uas muaj tsuas yog ib qho enzyme active site. Cov enzymes no yog substrate-specific enzymes. Lawv kuj yog cov enzymes uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm. Lawv cov kev tshwm sim qhia qhov nkhaus hyperbolic.
Daim duab 02: Hyperbolic Curve qhia los ntawm Non-allosteric Enzyme
Thaum muaj kev sib tw inhibitor, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis. Ib qho kev sib tw inhibitor zoo ib yam li cov substrate. Li no, nws sib tw nrog lub substrate rau khi nrog lub chaw nquag. Thaum lub substrate tsis khi nrog lub chaw ua haujlwm, lub substrate-enzyme complex tsis tuaj yeem tsim, yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Allosteric thiab Non-allosteric Enzymes?
- Allosteric thiab non-allosteric enzymes yog ob hom enzymes.
- Lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov protein.
- Lawv catalyze biochemical tshwm sim hauv cov hlwb nyob.
- Ob hom enzymes tseem tsis hloov pauv thaum kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- Ib qho me me ntawm cov enzymes txaus los ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- Lawv rhiab rau kev hloov pauv hauv pH thiab kub.
Qhov txawv ntawm Allosteric thiab Non-allosteric Enzymes yog dab tsi?
Ib qho allosteric enzyme yog ib qho enzyme uas muaj ib qho chaw ntxiv hu ua regulatory site lossis allosteric site rau kev khi ntawm kev tswj hwm molecule. Ib qho enzyme uas tsis yog-allosteric yog ib qho enzyme yooj yim uas tsuas muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm rau kev khi ntawm nws cov substrate. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allosteric thiab non-allosteric enzymes.
Cov infographic hauv qab no teev qhov sib txawv ntawm allosteric thiab non-allosteric enzymes hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Allosteric vs Non-allosteric Enzymes
Lub allosteric enzyme yog ib qho kev tswj hwm enzyme uas muaj qhov chaw allosteric uas tsis yog qhov chaw nquag. Yog li ntawd, kev tswj hwm molecule tuaj yeem khi nrog rau qhov chaw allosteric thiab tswj cov kev ua haujlwm enzymatic. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov enzyme uas tsis yog-allosteric tsis muaj qhov chaw allosteric. Nws tsuas muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm xwb. Cov enzymes uas tsis yog-allosteric tsis yog cov enzymes tswj. Allosteric enzymes yog ob qho tib si substrate thiab tswj molecule tshwj xeeb, thaum tsis yog-allosteric enzymes yog substrate-specific. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm allosteric thiab non-allosteric enzymes.
