Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm perchloric acid thiab hydrochloric acid yog tias perchloric acid muaj hydrogen, chlorine thiab oxygen atoms whereas hydrochloric acid muaj hydrogen thiab chlorine atoms nkaus xwb.
Ob qho tib si perchloric acid thiab hydrochloric acid yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj synthesis vim lawv cov acidic zoo heev. Ob leeg no yog cov tshuaj inorganic acid.
Perchloric Acid yog dab tsi?
Perchloric acid yog cov ntxhia acid uas muaj cov tshuaj formula HClO4. Nws yog cov kua qaub uas muaj zog dua li sulfuric thiab nitric acids. Nws tshwm sim raws li cov kua tsis muaj xim uas tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab. Kub perchloric acid yog lub zog oxidizer. Tab sis cov tshuaj aqueous feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb. Feem ntau, perchloric acid yog siv rau kev npaj cov ntsev perchlorate, xws li ammonium perchlorate, thiab cov khoom tawg.
Perchlorate yog anion ntawm perchloric acid, muaj cov tshuaj formula ClO4– Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb derivative ntawm perchloric acid uas muaj ntau yam kev siv. Feem ntau, lo lus no yuav xa mus rau ib qho chaw uas muaj perchlorate anion. Lub xeev oxidation ntawm chlorine atom nyob rau hauv cov compound no yog +7. Nws yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws reactive daim ntawv ntawm lwm cov chlorates. Lub geometry ntawm no ion yog tetrahedral.
Feem ntau, cov tebchaw uas muaj cov anion no tshwm sim raws li cov khoom tsis muaj xim uas yog soluble hauv dej. Cov anion no tsim thaum cov tshuaj perchlorate dissociate hauv dej. Hauv kev lag luam nplai, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov ion no los ntawm txoj kev electrolysis; Qhov no suav nrog oxidation ntawm aqueous sodium chlorate.
Hydrochloric Acid yog dab tsi?
Hydrochloric acid yog aqueous hydrogen chloride, uas yog cov kua qaub muaj zog. Hydrogen chloride muaj cov tshuaj formula HCl. Cov molar loj ntawm cov tshuaj no yog 36.5 g / mol. Hydrochloric acid muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab. Ntxiv mus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ib qho chaw pib rau ntau cov tshuaj inorganic xws li vinyl chloride.
Hydrochloric acid yog suav tias yog cov tshuaj muaj zog acidic vim tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho rau hauv nws cov ions (hydrogen ion thiab chloride ion) thiab nws tshwm sim raws li qhov yooj yim chlorine-muaj cov kua qaub hauv cov kua dej. Cov kua qaub no muaj zog tuaj yeem tawm tsam peb cov tawv nqaij ntau ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij kub hnyiab.
Ib txwm, hydrochloric acid muaj nyob rau hauv gastric acid nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov ntawm cov tsiaj feem ntau, nrog rau tib neeg. Nws yog kev lag luam muaj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj rau kev tsim cov polyvinyl chloride rau yas. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev descaling hauv tsev neeg cov kev xav tau, ua khoom noj khoom haus hauv kev lag luam zaub mov, hauv kev ua tawv, thiab lwm yam.
Hydrochloric acid tshwm sim raws li ntsev ntawm hydronium ion thiab chloride ion. Peb tuaj yeem npaj nws los ntawm kev kho HCl nrog dej. HCl acid feem ntau yog siv rau hauv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas rau kev npaj lossis kev zom cov qauv rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov concentrated HCl acid tuaj yeem yaj ntau cov hlau, thiab nws tuaj yeem tsim oxidized hlau chlorides nrog hydrogen gas.
Qhov txawv ntawm Perchloric Acid thiab Hydrochloric Acid yog dab tsi?
Perchloric acid yog cov ntxhia kua qaub uas muaj cov tshuaj formula HClO4 thaum hydrochloric acid yog aqueous hydrogen chloride nrog cov tshuaj formula HCl. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm perchloric acid thiab hydrochloric acid yog tias perchloric acid muaj hydrogen, chlorine thiab oxygen atoms whereas hydrochloric acid muaj hydrogen thiab chlorine atoms nkaus xwb.
Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm perchloric acid thiab hydrochloric acid yog lawv cov kua qaub. perchloric acid yog acidic heev thaum hydrochloric acid tsawg acidic piv rau perchloric acid.
Hauv qab infographic qhia ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm perchloric acid thiab hydrochloric acid.
Summary – Perchloric Acid vs Hydrochloric Acid
Perchloric acid thiab hydrogen chloride yog cov muaj zog inorganic acids. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm perchloric acid thiab hydrochloric acid yog tias perchloric acid muaj hydrogen, chlorine thiab oxygen atoms whereas hydrochloric acid muaj hydrogen thiab chlorine atoms nkaus xwb.
