Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm boron nitride thiab graphite yog tias boron nitride yog tsim los ntawm boron thiab nitrogen atoms, whereas graphite yog tsim los ntawm carbon atoms.
Boron nitride thiab graphite yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb crystalline. Lawv muaj qhov sib txawv atomic compositions, uas ua rau cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab lub cev muaj zog.
Boron Nitride yog dab tsi?
Boron nitride yog cov tshuaj diatomic uas muaj cov tshuaj formula BN. Nws yog ib qho thermally thiab chemically resistant, refractory khoom. Muaj ntau cov qauv sib txawv ntawm boron nitride uas yog isoelectronic rau carbon lattice. Ntawm lawv, feem ntau thiab ruaj khov daim ntawv yog daim ntawv hexagonal uas sib haum rau cov qauv graphite. Thiab, daim ntawv no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tsim cov roj nplua nyeem thiab cov khoom kom zoo nkauj.
Daim duab 01: Tus qauv ntawm BN
Qhov softest polymorph ntawm boron nitride yog daim ntawv hexagonal. Daim ntawv cubic zoo li cov qauv ntawm pob zeb diamond, tab sis nws yog softer dua pob zeb diamond. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ruaj khov ntawm daim ntawv no yog qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov pob zeb diamond. Vim qhov zoo heev thermal thiab tshuaj stability ntawm tag nrho cov boron nitride lug, cov khoom no yog siv mas raws li ceramics nyob rau hauv high-temperature khoom. Boron nitride feem ntau tshwm li cov xim tsis muaj kob, thiab cov khoom no yog insoluble hauv dej. Nws tuaj yeem raug sublimation thaum cua sov.
Graphite yog dab tsi?
Graphite yog ib qho allotrope ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas muaj qhov ruaj khov, crystalline qauv. Nws yog ib daim ntawv ntawm cov thee. Ntxiv mus, nws yog ib haiv neeg ntxhia (native minerals yog cov khoom uas muaj ib yam tshuaj uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm tsis combining nrog lwm yam). Tsis tas li ntawd, graphite yog daim ntawv ruaj khov tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas tshwm sim ntawm tus qauv kub thiab siab. Qhov rov ua dua ntawm graphite allotrope yog carbon (C). Thaum xav txog cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm graphite, nws muaj lub cev hexagonal siv lead ua. Cov tsos ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog hlau-dub rau xim hlau-grey, thiab nws muaj xim hlau zoo li. Cov xim streak ntawm graphite yog xim dub (xim ntawm cov hmoov ntxhia zoo).
Daim duab 02: Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Graphite
Graphite muaj ib lub raj mis honeycomb. Muaj cov ntawv graphene sib cais ntawm 0.335 nm nrug. Nyob rau hauv lub lattice qauv ntawm graphite, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm carbon atoms yog 0.142 nm nrug. Cov pa roj carbon atoms khi nrog ib leeg ntawm covalent bonds, ib qho carbon atom muaj peb covalent bonds nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Lub valency ntawm carbon atom yog 4; Yog li, muaj plaub yam tsis muaj hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv txhua thiab txhua txhua carbon atom ntawm cov qauv no. Yog li ntawd, qhov no electron yog dawb mus tsiv teb tsaws, ua graphite hluav taws xob conductive. Ntuj graphite muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv refractories, roj teeb, steelmaking, nthuav graphite, nres hauv ob sab phlu, foundry facials thiab lubricants.
Qhov txawv ntawm Boron Nitride thiab Graphite yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm boron nitride thiab graphite yog tias boron nitride yog tsim los ntawm boron thiab nitrogen atoms, whereas graphite muaj carbon atoms. Ntxiv mus, boron nitride yog ib qho zoo heev thermal thiab tshuaj resistant refractory khoom thaum graphite muaj zoo heev hluav taws xob conductivity.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm boron nitride thiab graphite.
Summary – Boron Nitride vs Graphite
Boron nitride thiab graphite yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb crystalline. Lawv muaj sib txawv atomic compositions, yog li, sib txawv tshuaj thiab lub cev zog. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm boron nitride thiab graphite yog tias boron nitride yog tsim los ntawm boron thiab nitrogen atoms, whereas graphite muaj carbon atoms.
