Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw allosteric thiab qhov chaw nquag yog qhov chaw allosteric yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas tso cai rau cov activator lossis inhibitor molecules los khi rau cov enzyme thiab txawm tias qhib lossis inhibit enzyme kev ua, thaum lub chaw ua haujlwm yog ib qho thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme qhov twg substrate molecules khi thiab catalyze cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ua rau tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb.
Enzymes yog cov proteins uas pab cov tshuaj biochemical hauv tib neeg lub cev. Ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov enzymes yog kev zom zaub mov. Enzymes kuj pab ua pa, tsim cov leeg, paj hlwb ua haujlwm, thiab tshem tawm cov co toxins hauv lub cev. Enzymes muaj ntau qhov chaw hauv cov qauv uas cov molecules tuaj yeem khi thiab ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam. Allosteric sites thiab active sites yog ob qhov chaw sib txawv hauv cov qauv enzyme uas pab txhawb cov molecules 'binding thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab.
Dab tsi yog qhov chaw Allosteric?
Allosteric site yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas tso cai rau activator lossis inhibitor molecules los khi rau cov enzyme uas yog qhib lossis inhibit enzyme kev ua. Enzymes ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub sib txawv nyob ntawm ib puag ncig. Ntau yam, suav nrog kub, txias, pH, qhov chaw hauv lub cev, thiab lwm yam khoom, cuam tshuam rau kev ua enzyme ntxiv rau lub ntsiab substrate. Muaj qee yam khoom uas khi rau lub enzyme ntawm ib qho chaw sib txawv uas tsis yog qhov chaw nquag. Cov chaw no uas tso cai rau lwm cov khoom sib khi yog hu ua allosteric sites. Allosteric sites tso cai rau lwm yam tshuaj los ua kom qhib, inhibit, lossis tua cov enzymes. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lwm yam khoom khi rau qhov chaw allosteric thiab hloov qhov kev pom zoo lossis cov duab ntawm cov enzyme.
Daim duab 01: Allosteric Site
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm allosteric activator yog oxygen khi rau hemoglobin. Allosteric binding ntawm oxygen rau hemoglobin hloov qhov kev lees paub ntawm hemoglobin thiab ua rau nws muaj kev sib raug zoo rau cov pa ntau dua. Cov txheej txheem no ua kom hemoglobin yuav thauj cov pa ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa oxygen nplua nuj xws li lub ntsws. Lwm qhov piv txwv ntawm allosteric inhibitor yog ATP hauv kev ua pa ntawm tes. Ib qho tseem ceeb enzyme koom nrog hauv glycolysis yog phosphofructokinase. Cov enzyme no hloov ADP rau ATP. Thaum muaj ATP ntau dhau hauv lub xovtooj, ATP ua haujlwm raws li allosteric inhibitor uas khi rau allosteric site ntawm phosphofructokinase kom qeeb hloov pauv ntawm ADP rau ATP.
Qhov Chaw Ua Haujlwm yog dab tsi?
Qhov chaw nquag yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas substrate molecules khi thiab tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ua cov khoom. Qhov chaw nquag tau muab faib ua ob qhov chaw sib txawv: qhov chaw sib khi thiab qhov chaw calalytic. Hauv qhov chaw sib txuas, cov amino acid residues ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsim cov ntawv cog lus ib ntus nrog cov substrate. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw catalytic, amino acid residues ntawm qhov chaw nquag catalyze cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov substrate.
Daim duab 02: Lub Chaw Ua Haujlwm
Qhov chaw nquag ntawm ib qho enzyme feem ntau muaj peb mus rau plaub cov amino acids, thaum lwm cov amino acids nyob rau hauv lub enzyme yuav tsum tau tswj lub tertiary qauv ntawm lub enzyme. Ib qho chaw nquag ntawm ib qho enzyme tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau zaus vim tias cov residues tsis hloov thaum kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov txheej txheem no tau ua tiav ib txwm los ntawm kev txo qis lub zog ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, ntau lub substrates muaj lub zog txaus los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Allosteric Site thiab Active Site?
- Allosteric site thiab qhov chaw nquag yog ob qhov sib txawv hauv cov qauv enzyme uas pab txhawb cov molecules 'binding thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab.
- Ob qhov chaw yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acids.
- Cov chaw no muaj cov duab tshwj xeeb.
- Ob qhov chaw tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua enzyme thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme-catalyzed.
Qhov txawv ntawm Allosteric Site thiab Active Site yog dab tsi?
Allosteric site yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas tso cai rau activator lossis inhibitor molecules los khi rau cov enzyme txhawm rau txhawm rau qhib lossis inhibit enzyme kev ua, thaum lub chaw ua haujlwm yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas substrate molecules khi thiab catalyze cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. ua rau kev tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw allosteric thiab qhov chaw nquag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov chaw allosteric tsuas muaj nyob hauv cov enzymes allosteric, thaum cov chaw nquag muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov enzymes.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw allosteric thiab qhov chaw nquag hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Allosteric Site vs Active Site
Allosteric site thiab qhov chaw nquag yog ob thaj chaw sib txawv hauv cov qauv enzyme. Allosteric site yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas tso cai rau cov activator los yog inhibitor molecules los khi rau cov enzyme uas yog qhib los yog inhibit enzyme kev ua, thaum lub chaw ua haujlwm yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas substrate molecules khi thiab catalyze cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ua rau cov khoom tsim tshwj xeeb. cov khoom. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov chaw allosteric thiab qhov chaw nquag.
