Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis sib tw thiab allosteric inhibition yog qhov tsis sib tw inhibition, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalyzed (Vmax) txo qis thiab substrate concentration (Km) tseem tsis hloov, thaum nyob rau hauv allosteric inhibition, Vmax tseem tsis hloov pauv. thiab Km nce.
Enzymes yog qhov tseem ceeb rau feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov kab mob. Feem ntau, ib qho enzyme catalyzes cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm kev txo cov kev ua kom lub zog xav tau rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tab sis cov enzymes yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas kom zoo txhawm rau txhawm rau tswj cov qib ntawm cov khoom kawg nce mus rau qib tsis xav tau. Nws yog tswj los ntawm enzyme inhibition. Ib qho enzyme inhibitor yog ib qho molecule uas cuam tshuam rau txoj hauv kev ntawm cov enzyme thiab substrate.
Ib qhov chaw nquag yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas cov substrates khi thiab raug tshuaj lom neeg. Ib qhov chaw allosteric yog qhov uas nws tso cai rau cov molecules los ua kom qhib lossis inhibit enzyme kev ua haujlwm. Enzyme kinetics plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm enzyme inhibition. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus yam ntxwv ntawm ib qho enzyme ntawm ib qho concentration yog hu ua qhov siab tshaj plaws tshaj tawm los yog Vmax. Lub substrate concentration uas muab tus nqi uas yog ib nrab ntawm Vmax yog Km.
Kev Tsis Sib Tw Sib Tw yog dab tsi?
Tsis sib tw inhibition yog ib hom enzyme inhibition qhov twg tus inhibitor txo cov enzyme kev ua si thiab khi sib npaug zoo rau cov enzyme, txawm tias nws tau khi rau lub substrate los yog tsis. Hauv lwm lo lus, kev txwv tsis pub sib tw yog qhov twg inhibitor thiab substrate ob leeg khi rau cov enzyme txhua lub sijhawm. Thaum ob qho tib si substrate thiab inhibitor khi nrog cov enzyme, nws tsim ib qho enzyme-substrate-inhibitor complex. Thaum lub complex no tsim, nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim ib yam khoom. Nws tsuas tuaj yeem hloov rov qab mus rau enzyme-substrate complex lossis enzyme-inhibitor complex.
Daim duab 01: Tsis-Competitive Inhibition
Hauv kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev sib tw, tus inhibitor muaj kev sib npaug ntawm cov enzyme thiab enzyme-substrate complex. Cov txheej txheem ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib tw tsis sib tw yog qhov thim rov qab khi ntawm tus inhibitor mus rau qhov chaw allosteric. Tab sis tus inhibitor kuj muaj peev xwm khi ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw nquag. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov tsis sib tw inhibitor yog kev hloov pauv ntawm pyruvate kinase rau hauv pyruvate. Kev hloov pauv ntawm phosphoenolpyruvate rau yield pyruvate yog catalyzed los ntawm pyruvate kinase. Ib qho amino acid hu ua Alanine, uas yog tsim los ntawm pyruvate, inhibits enzyme pyruvate kinase thaum glycolysis. Alanine ua raws li qhov tsis sib tw inhibitor.
Allosteric Inhibition yog dab tsi?
Allosteric inhibition yog ib hom enzyme inhibition qhov twg tus inhibitor slows down lub enzyme kev ua los ntawm deactivating lub enzyme thiab khi rau lub enzyme ntawm allosteric site. Ntawm no, tus inhibitor tsis ncaj qha sib tw nrog lub substrate ntawm qhov chaw nquag. Tab sis, nws indirectly hloov cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm enzyme. Thaum lub cev hloov pauv, enzyme yuav tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li, nws tsis tuaj yeem khi nrog cov substrate sib raug. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, slows down tsim ntawm cov khoom kawg.
Daim duab 02: Allosteric Inhibition
Allosteric inhibition tiv thaiv kev tsim cov khoom tsis tsim nyog, txo cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm allosteric inhibition yog kev hloov pauv ntawm ADP rau ATP hauv glycolysis. Ntawm no, thaum muaj ATP ntau dhau hauv lub cev, ATP ua haujlwm raws li allosteric inhibitor. Nws khi rau phosphofructokinase, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov enzymes koom nrog hauv glycolysis. Qhov no ua rau qeeb ADP hloov dua siab tshiab. Yog li ntawd, ATP tiv thaiv kev tsim khoom tsis tsim nyog ntawm nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, ntau tshaj ntawm ATP tsis xav tau thaum muaj cov nyiaj txaus.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Kev Tsis Sib Tw thiab Allosteric Inhibition?
- Ob hom enzyme inhibitions qeeb enzyme kev ua haujlwm.
- Cov inhibitors hauv ob qho tib si enzyme inhibitions tsis sib tw nrog cov substrate ntawm qhov chaw nquag.
- Cov inhibitors hloov cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov enzyme indirectly.
- Ob tus inhibitors hloov cov duab ntawm cov enzyme.
Qhov txawv ntawm Tsis Sib Tw thiab Allosteric Inhibition yog dab tsi?
Hauv kev txwv tsis pub sib tw, Vmax ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis thaum tawm hauv Km tus nqi tsis hloov. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, nyob rau hauv allosteric inhibition, lub Vmax tseem unchanged, thiab lub Km tus nqi nce. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis sib tw thiab allosteric inhibition. Allosteric inhibition tsom ntau dua rau kev siv cov tshuaj uas hloov cov enzyme kev ua los ntawm kev khi ntawm ib qho chaw allosteric, thaum tsis sib tw inhibitors ib txwm tso tseg cov enzyme ua haujlwm los ntawm kev khi ncaj qha ntawm lwm qhov chaw.
Cov hauv qab no infographic tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis sib tw thiab allosteric inhibition rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Tsis-Competitive vs Allosteric Inhibition
Tsis sib tw inhibition yog ib qho enzyme inhibition qhov twg tus inhibitor txo cov enzyme kev ua si thiab khi sib npaug zoo rau cov enzyme seb nws puas tau khi rau lub substrate lossis tsis. Allosteric Inhibition yog ib hom enzyme inhibition qhov twg tus inhibitor slows down lub enzyme kev ua los ntawm deactivating lub enzyme thiab khi rau lub enzyme ntawm allosteric site. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis sib tw thiab allosteric inhibition yog tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalyzed (Vmax) txo qis, thiab cov substrate concentration (Km) tseem tsis hloov pauv hauv qhov tsis sib tw inhibition thaum Vmax tseem tsis hloov, thiab Km yog nce hauv allosteric. inhibition.
