Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm optical thiab geometrical isomerism yog qhov kho qhov muag isomers yog khub ntawm cov khoom sib txuas uas tshwm sim raws li daim iav duab ntawm ib leeg whereas geometrical isomers yog khub ntawm cov tebchaw uas muaj tib cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov carbon-carbon ob daim ntawv sib txawv.
Optical isomers thiab geometrical isomers yog ob hom stereoisomers. Stereoisomers yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj tib lub qauv molecular, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov atoms. Qhov sib lawv liag ntawm chemical bonds kuj zoo ib yam rau cov isomers.
YOptical Isomerism yog dab tsi?
Optical isomers yog stereoisomers uas muaj tib cov tshuaj formula thiab tib yam kev sib txuas ntawm atoms tab sis sib txawv spatial kev npaj. Lawv tuaj ua khub thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ib leeg los ntawm kev xav. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov tebchaw no tshwm sim ua daim iav duab ntawm ib leeg. Cov duab iav no tsis yog superposable. Tib neeg txhais tes yog qhov sib piv rau hom isomers.
Daim duab 01: Optical Isomerism tshwm sim hauv Daim iav Duab
Cov isomers kho qhov muag ntawm tib lub ntsiab lus muaj lub cev zoo sib xws tshwj tsis yog cov cuab yeej ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub dav hlau-polarized lub teeb. Ntawm no, ib qho isomer tig lub dav hlau-polarized lub teeb rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia thaum nws cov isomer optical tig tib lub dav hlau-polarized lub teeb beam mus rau qhov sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, optical isomers tuaj yeem pom cov teebmeem lom neeg sib txawv ntawm tib lub cev lom neeg ib yam nkaus.
Dab tsi yog Geometrical Isomerism?
Geometrical isomers yog stereoisomers uas muaj tib cov neeg hloov pauv txuas sib txawv rau cov pa roj carbon ob daim ntawv cog lus. Hom isomers no tshwm sim vim tias ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon atoms zam lub peev xwm tig ib ncig ntawm lub axis ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab qhov no, tig mus, muab cov haujlwm ruaj khov rau cov isomer. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau muab lub npe hu ua geometrical isomer, qhov sib xyaw yuav tsum muaj cov khoom sib txawv txuas rau ob sab ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus. Yog tias ib sab ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus muaj tib cov khoom sib txuas nrog rau cov pa roj carbon atom nyob rau sab ntawd, ces tsis tuaj yeem muaj geometrical isomer rau qhov compound.
Daim duab 02: Geometrical Isomerism hauv Stilbene
Geometrical isomers tseem hu ua cis-trans isomers vim tias cov isomers tuaj ua khub, thiab peb muab lawv lub npe cis-isomer thiab trans-isomer, xav txog cov txheeb ze ntawm cov neeg hloov. Cis-isomers muaj cov khoom sib xws ntawm tib sab thaum trans-isomers muaj cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ib sab.
Qhov txawv ntawm Optical thiab Geometrical Isomerism yog dab tsi?
Optical isomers thiab geometrical isomers yog ob hom stereoisomers. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm optical thiab geometrical isomerism yog tias optical isomers yog khub ntawm cov khoom sib txuas uas tshwm sim raws li daim iav duab ntawm ib leeg, whereas geometrical isomers yog khub ntawm cov tebchaw uas muaj tib cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon ob qhov sib txawv. Yog li, optical isomers yog cov duab iav uas tsis yog superposable, whereas geometrical isomers muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom hloov mus rau ob daim ntawv cog lus.
Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm optical thiab geometrical isomerism yog qhov kho qhov muag isomers muaj lub cev zoo sib xws, tab sis geometrical isomers muaj lub cev sib txawv.
Summary – Optical vs Geometrical Isomerism
Stereoisomers yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj tib lub qauv molecular tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov atoms. Optical isomers thiab geometrical isomers yog ob hom stereoisomers. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm optical thiab geometrical isomerism yog qhov kho qhov muag isomers yog khub ntawm cov khoom sib txuas uas tshwm sim raws li daim iav duab ntawm ib leeg, whereas geometrical isomers yog khub ntawm cov tebchaw uas muaj tib cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon-carbon ob daim ntawv sib txawv.
